Acta herbologica https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/actaherb <p>Acta herbologica je naučni časopis koji objavljuje radove iz svih relevantnih oblasti nauke o korovima: biologija, invazivnost, diverzitet i kartiranje korovske flore i vegetacije; ekologija i populaciona varijabilnost korova; rezistentnost i otpornost korova na herbicide; interakcija usev-korov, pragovi &scaron;tetnosti i kritično vreme suzbijanja korova; integralno suzbijanje korova proaktivnim (preventivnim) i reaktivnim (agrotehničkim, fizičkim, biolo&scaron;kim i henijskim) merama na poljoprivrednim i nepoljoprivrednim povr&scaron;inama; tehnologija i kvalitet primene herbicida; regulatori rasta biljaka; mogućnost upotrebe korova u korisne svrhe, kao i druga aktuelna pitanja iz ove naučne oblasti.</p> sr-RS@latin Autori koji objavljuju u ovom časopisu pristaju na sledeće uslove:<br /> <br /><ol type="a"><li>Autori zadržavaju autorska prava i pružaju časopisu pravo prvog objavljivanja rada i licenciraju ga <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/rs" target="_new">"Creative Commons Attribution licencom"</a> koja omogućava drugima da dele rad, uz uslov navođenja autorstva i izvornog objavljivanja u ovom časopisu.</li><br /><li>Autori mogu izraditi zasebne, ugovorne aranžmane za neekskluzivnu distribuciju članka objavljenog u časopisu (npr. postavljanje u institucionalni repozitorijum ili objavljivanje u knjizi), uz navođenje da je članak izvorno objavljen u ovom časopisu.</li><br /><li>Autorima je dozvoljeno i podstiču se da postave objavljeni članak onlajn (npr. u institucionalni repozitorijum ili na svoju internet stranicu) pre ili tokom postupka prijave rukopisa, s obzirom da takav postupak može voditi produktivnoj razmeni ideja i ranijoj i većoj citiranosti objavljenog članka (Vidi <a href="http://opcit.eprints.org/oacitation-biblio.html" target="_new">Efekti otvorenog pristupa</a>).</li></ol> sava@agrif.bg.ac.rs (Sava Vrbničanin) dbozic@agrif.bg.ac.rs (Dragana Božić) Thu, 02 Jan 2025 15:02:43 +0100 OJS 3.1.2.0 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Stellaria media (L.) Vill. 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mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--></p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Because of its ability to produce large numbers of seeds under cool temperatures, </span><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">S.</span></em><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">media</em></span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> rapidly colonizes any cool, moist area before winter or spring crops can become competitive. It is most commonly a weed in </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">many</span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> crops in temperate and subarctic climates, where it is often one of the first weeds to appear in spring</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">. <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">S.</em> <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">media</em></span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> is one of the most common weeds in spring and winter cereal stands</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">, </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">the most frequent weed in winter oilseed and peas, </span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">highly competitive </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">weed</span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> in </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">seedling </span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">alfalfa</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">,</span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> serious weed in citrus, </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">one of the </span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">prevailing weeds in strawberry</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, </span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">and </span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-language: MK;">one of the most frequent weed species present in</span> <span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-language: MK;">conventional sugar beet</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: MK;">.</span> <span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">It is a principal weed problem in vegetable production and in gardens </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">and</span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> turf in almost every country in temperate </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">part of </span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">the world</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">.</span></p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">From the other side, i</span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">n comparative trials of weed competition and yield suppression in </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">many crops,</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="MK">S.</span></em><span lang="MK"> <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">media</em> was found to be less competitive than </span></span><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Avena fatua</span></em><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">,</span></em><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="MK">Alopecurus myosuroides</span></em></span><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, Raphanus raphanistrum, </span></em><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">P</span></em><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">olygonum</span></em><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> persicaria</span></em><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">,</span><em><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-language: MK;"> Chenopodium</span></em> <em><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-language: MK;">album</span></em><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,</span><em><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> Galium aparine</span></em> <span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">and </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">many others </span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">weeds</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">.</span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> In trials in </span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-language: MK;">autumn</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: MK;"> and early-spring </span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-language: MK;">sown crops</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: MK;"> and</span> <span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">established crop plants</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, such as established alfalfa, </span><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">S.</span></em><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">media</em> w</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">as</span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> found to be minor competitors</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">,</span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> unless present at high densities. </span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">The actual competitive effect and associated yield reduction caused by <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">S.</em> <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">media</em> will depend on a number of factors</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, including t</span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">ime of emergence in relation to the crop.</span><span lang="MK" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">S.</em> <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">media</em> displays vigorous early growth and will cause the greatest yield losses when it emerges at the same time or before the crop. It is also a highly plastic species, meaning that early establishment and resource capture will result in larger more competitive individuals.</span></p> Zvonko Pacanoski Sva prava zadržana (c) 2024 Acta herbologica https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/actaherb/article/view/51194 Sat, 28 Dec 2024 15:23:26 +0100 Prilog radprostranjenju pojedinih invazivnih biljnih vrsta u Kantonu Sarajevo https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/actaherb/article/view/53765 <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="HR">Tokom tri godine terenskih istraživanja na području Kantona Sarajevo (od 2019 do 2022), konstatovani su novi lokalitete za mnoge invazivne vrste.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>U radu smo obradili slijedeće vrste: <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Aillanthus altissima </em>(Mill.) Swingle<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">, Ambrosia artemisiifolia </em>L.<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">, Armoracia rusticiana </em>Gaertn., Mey et Scherb. i<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> Reynoutria japonica </em>Houtt. Za svaku vrstu su dati slijedeći<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>parametri: nadmorska visina, koordinate, tip zemlji&scaron;ta i fitocenolo&scaron;ki red. Cilj istraživanja je pružiti nove podatke o rasprostranjenosti ovih vrsta, kako bi se spriječilo njihovo daljnje &scaron;irenje i smanjio njihov negativan uticaj na području Kantona Sarajevo. Ukupno je zabilježeno 42 nova lokaliteta za <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Aillanthus altissima</em>,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ambrosia artemisiifolia</em> 10, <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Armoracia rusticiana </em>5 i <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Reynoutria japonica </em>15. Novi nalazi u okviru ovog istraživanja ukazuju na dalje osvajanje novog prostora od strane analiziranih vrsta. Pajasen i japanski dvornik postaju hortikulturni problem grada a ambrozija i zdravstveni te je neophodno preventivno djelovanje u vidu<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>uni&scaron;tavanja istih.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="HR">&nbsp;</span></p> Anis Hasanbegovic, Senad Murtic, Dario Pintaric Sva prava zadržana (c) 2024 Acta herbologica https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/actaherb/article/view/53765 Sat, 28 Dec 2024 14:57:13 +0100 In vitro procena antifungalne aktivnosti etarskih ulja vrsta roda Artemisia (A. absinthium, A. dracunculus i A. vulgaris) https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/actaherb/article/view/54354 <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Zbog trenda smanjenja upotrebe sintetičkih pesticida i sve veće pažnje usmerene ka za&scaron;titi životne sredine, poslednjih decenija intenzivirana su istraživanja u oblasti alelopatije, posebno alelohemikalija koje se mogu koristiti za sintezu biopesticida. Rod <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Artemisia</em> pripada familiji Asteraceae i obuhvata veliki broj aromatičnih i korovskih vrsta (oko 500), koje su prepoznate kao značajan izvor biolo&scaron;ki aktivnih jedinjenja koja se odlikuju alelopatskim dejstvom. Stoga, cilj istraživanja ovog rada je bio da se ispita uticaj etarskih ulja tri vrste roda <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Artemisia</em> (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A. absinthium</em>, <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A. dracunculus</em> i <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A. vulgaris</em>) na porast micelije izolata fitopatogene gljive <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Colletotrichum orbiculare, </em>prouzrokovača antraknoze biljaka iz familije Cucurbitacea, u laboratorijskim uslovima.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Antifungalna aktivnost etarskih ulja u <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">in vitro</em> testovima određena je primenom makrodilucione fumigantne metode sa isečkom micelije. Etarska ulja dodavana su direktno u količinama od: 1, 5, 10, 15 i 20 &micro;l za <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A. dracunculus</em> i <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A. vulgaris</em>, odnosno 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 &micro;l za <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A. absinthium</em>. Prosečne IC<sub>50</sub> vrednosti iznosile su 4,36; 7,12 i 17,63 </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">&micro;l ml<sup>-1 </sup>vazdu&scaron;ne faze </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">za <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A. vulgaris</em>, <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A. dracunculus</em> i <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A. absinthium</em>, redom. Prema dobijenim IC<sub>50</sub> vrednostima, etarsko ulje <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A. vulgaris</em> je pokazalo najjači antifungalni potencijal, dok je najslabije inhibitorno delovanje utvrđeno kod etarskog ulja <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A. absinthium</em>.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">&nbsp;</span></p> Nađa Milutinović Sva prava zadržana (c) 2024 Acta herbologica https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/actaherb/article/view/54354 Sat, 28 Dec 2024 15:01:03 +0100 Ramanova spektroskopija kao odgovarajuća metoda za hemijsku diskriminaciju uzoraka semena ulja divlje konoplje https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/actaherb/article/view/54443 <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Divlja konoplja (<em>Cannabis sativa</em> L. ssp. <em>sativa</em> var. <em>spontanea</em> Vavilov) je cenjena biljna vrsta, koristi se u proizvodnji boja na bazi ulja, kao hidratantno sredstvo u kremama, za kuvanje, ishranu životinja i ptica. Cilj ovog rada je bio procena fitohemijskog sastava divlje konoplje uzgajane na dve različite lokacije u Srbiji, primenom Ramanove mikrospektroskopije u kombinaciji sa multivarijantnom analizom podataka. Između analiziranih uzoraka ustanovljena je značajna razlika u pogledu hemijskog profila. Pikovi visokog intenziteta u Ramanovim spektrima uzoraka semena divlje konoplje ukazuju na dominantnost nezasićenih (pikovi na pozicijama 1657 i 1268 cm<sup>-1</sup>), zatim zasićenih masnih kiselina (1443, 1306 i 1084 cm<sup>-1</sup>) i estara masnih kiselina (1745 cm<sup>-1</sup>). Relativni intenziteti ovih traka i rezultati analize glavnih komponenata (PCA)&nbsp; ukazuju na to da se ulje iz semena divlje konoplje prikupljeno sa različitih lokaliteta razlikuje u sadržaju nezasićenih i zasićenih masnih kiselina &scaron;to se uočava na osnovu razlika u relativnim intenzitetima traka na pozicijama 1657 i 1268 cm<sup>&minus;1</sup> .</span></p> Ilinka Pećinar, Dragana Rančić, Bojana Špirović Trifunović, Dragana Božić Sva prava zadržana (c) 2024 Acta herbologica https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/actaherb/article/view/54443 Sat, 28 Dec 2024 15:03:25 +0100 Uticaj tipa rasprskivača i ađuvanta na efikasnost nikosulfurona u suzbijanju pojedinih korova u usevu kukuruza (Zea mays L.) https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/actaherb/article/view/54544 <p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="SR-LATN-RS" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: SR-LATN-RS; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Poljski ogled je sproveden tokom 2021. i 2022. godine u Institutu za kukuruz Zemun Polje u Srbiji. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispita uticaj različitih ađuvanata i tipova rasprskivača na efikasnost dva herbicida na bazi iste aktivne supstance &ndash; nikosulfurona. Ogled je postavljen kao split-blok dizajn u četiri ponavljanja sa 12 tretmana plus tretmani bez korova, kao i zakorovljene parcele. 21 dan nakon tretmana (DNT) uzorkovani su korovi i izmerene su sveža i suva masa korova. Vizuelna efikasnost je procenjena 7, 14 i 21 DNT. Nije uočena razlika u redukciji suve mase između herbicida. Pored toga, tretmani sa AMS su izazvali brzo smanjenje efikasnosti u poređenju sa tretmanima sa nejonskim surfaktantom (NIS), gde je efikasnost povećana i gde je dovelo do bržeg propadanja korova. Na redukciju suve mase, svi ispitivani faktori kao i njihova interakcija su imali statistički veoma značajan uticaj kod svih vrsta izuzev kod vrste <em>Bilderdykia convolvulus</em> gde uticaj rasprskivača nije bio statistički značajan.</span></p> Darko Jovanović Sva prava zadržana (c) 2024 Acta herbologica https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/actaherb/article/view/54544 Sat, 28 Dec 2024 15:21:58 +0100 Rezerve semena korovskih biljaka u zemljištu u funkciji biodiverziteta https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/actaherb/article/view/54792 <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; line-height: 15.6933px; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Efekti intenziviranja savremene poljoprivredne prakse su do sada dobro opisani na nadzemni sastav korova, ali je vrlo malo istražen uticaj na rezerve semena korovskih biljaka u zemlji&scaron;tu. Iz tog razloga, </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">tokom tokom tri godine (2014-2017) uzorkovano je zemlji&scaron;te i procenjena&nbsp; brojnost semena korova u zemlji&scaron;tu osam različitih sistemima biljne proizvodnje: (i) monokultura kukuruza, ozime p&scaron;enice i soje, (ii) dvopoljni plodored (kukuruz - ozima p&scaron;enica) sa i bez primene mineralnog đubriva, (iii) tropoljni plodored (kukuruz - ozima p&scaron;enica - soja) sa primenom mineralnog đubriva, sa primenom stajnjaka i bez primene đubriva. Procenjena rezerva semena u zemlji&scaron;tu poslužila je za izračunavanje <em>&alpha;</em> i <em>&beta; </em>indeksa diverziteta i utvrđivanje raznovrsnosti, bogatstva i ujednačenosti korovske zajednice. Indeksi diverziteta </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">potvrdili su da na diverzitet korovske zajednice utiče strategija rotacije useva kao i izbor đubrenja, da je u monokulturi ozime p&scaron;enice najmanja raznovrsnost korovske zajednice, najveći broj dominantnih korovskih vrsta i najmanja uniformnost korovske populacije, dok je u klasičnom tropoljnom plodoredu sa mineralnim đubrenjem najbogatiji biodiverzitet i ujednačenost korovske zajednice.</span></p> Markola M Saulić Sva prava zadržana (c) 2024 Acta herbologica https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/actaherb/article/view/54792 Sat, 28 Dec 2024 15:25:37 +0100