POREMEĆAJI HRANJENJA I GUTANJA KOD DECE SA RASCEPIMA USNE I/ILI NEPCA
Sažetak
Rascepi usana i nepca su složene urođene anomalije orofacijalnog sistema dece. Problemi sa hranjenjem i gutanjem javljaju se u različitom stepenu kod dece sa rascepom usne i/ili nepca. Obim rascepa povezan je sa težinom smetnji u hranjenju i gutanju, pa su tako najčešći problemi: smanjena oralna osetljivost, kašalj, gušenje, nazalna regurgitacija, teškoće u procesu sisanja, laringotrahealna aspiracija, usled neadekvatne zaštite disajnih puteva tokom gutanja, što će za posledicu imati čak i upalu pluća i oštećenja pluća. Teškoće hranjenja i gutanja su i izvor stresa za roditelje. Zato je od velikog značaja pravovremeno identifikovanje problema hranjenja i gutanja, uz modifikacije načina hranjenja.
Cilj ovog rada je pregled literature i dostupnih dokaza u vezi sa vrstama poremećaja hranjenja i gutanja koji se mogu identifikovati kod dece sa rascepom usne i/ili nepca, kao i opis i vrste kompezatornih strategija i intervencija za ublažavanje poteškoća.
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