Quality of sleep in Third-Trimester Pregnancy and Non-Psychotic Postpartum Depression
Keywords:
Keywords: quality of sleep, NPPD, risk factors
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate whether the quality of sleep in third-trimester of pregnancy is a risk factor for non-psychoticpostpartum depression (NPPD), in women without a diagnosed psychiatric disorder.
Method: In the third-trimester of pregnancy 218 pregnant women completed a questionnaire constructed for research purposes and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Four weeks after childbirth, the participants filled in Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and received structured interview diagnoses.
Results: High risk for NPPD (score on EPDS ≥13) was found in 21 (9.63%). Higher rates on the EPDS were noticed in single, unemployed/housewife, women who are getting little social support, women who were dissatisfied with their annual household income and with unwanted pregnancy (p< 0.05). Social support and quality of sleep were positively and annual household income and marital satisfaction were negatively related to NPPD. Third-trimester quality of sleep was related to NPPD symptoms, and the correlation was statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion:Poor third-trimester quality of sleep is a risk factor for NPPD.
References
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16. Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R. Detection of postnatal depression. Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Br J Psychiatry 1987;150:782-786.
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18. Stojanov J, Stankovic M, Zikic O, Stojanov A. The relationship Between Alexithymia and Risk for Postpartum Depression. Psychiatr Ann 2021;51(9):431-436.
19. Stojanov Ј, Stanković М, Žikić О, Antonijević Ј. Postpartum Psychiatric Disorders: Review of the Research History, Classification, Epidemiological Data, Etiological Factors and Clinical Presentations. ActafacultatismedicaeNaissensis 2019; 36(3):167-176.
20. Stojanov J, Stojanov A, Stanković M. Risk factors for postpartum depression in the early postpartum period.Praxis medica 2019;48(2):33-37.
21. Odalovic M, Tadic I, Lakic D et al. Translation and factor analysis of structural models of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in Serbian pregnant and postpartum women - Web-based study. Women Birth 2015; 28(3):31-35.
22. Dmitrovic BK, Dugalić MG, Balkoski GN, Dmitrovic A, Soldatovic I. Frequency of perinatal depression in Serbia and associated risk factors. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2014 Sep;60(6):528-32.
23. Maghami M, Shariatpanahi SP, Habibi D, Heidari-Beni M, Badihian N, Hosseini M, Kelishadi R. Sleep disorders during pregnancy and postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J DevNeurosci. 2021 Oct;81(6):469-478.
24. Poeira AF, Zangão MO. Construct of the Association between Sleep Quality and Perinatal Depression: A Literature Review. Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Jun 21;10(7):1156.
25. Posmontier B. Sleep quality in women with and without postpartum depression. J ObstetGynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2008 Nov-Dec;37(6):722-35; quiz 735-7.
26. Qi W, Zhao F, Liu Y, Li Q, Hu J. Psychosocial risk factors for postpartum depression in Chinese women: a meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021 Mar 2;21(1):174.
2. Liu X, Wang S, Wang G. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Postpartum Depression in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J ClinNurs. 2021 Nov 8.
3. Wang Z, Liu J, Shuai H, Cai Z, Fu X, Liu Y, et al. Mapping global prevalence of depression among postpartum women. Transl Psychiatry. 2021 Oct 20;11(1):543.
4. Reck C, Van Den Bergh B, Tietz A, Müller M, Ropeter A, Zipser B et al. Maternal avoidance, anxiety cognitions and interactive behaviour predicts infant development at 12 months in the context of anxiety disorders in the postpartum period. Infant Behav Dev. 2018 Feb;50:116-131.
5. Stojanov J, Stojanov A, Stanković M. Risk factors for postpartum depression in the early postpartum period.Praxis medica 2019;48(2):33-37.
6. Wu M, Li X, Feng B, Wu H, Qiu C, Zhang W. Poor sleep quality of third-trimester pregnancy is a risk factor for postpartum depression. Med SciMonit. 2014 Dec 20;20:2740-5.
7. World Health Organization. The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: Clinical Descriptions Guidelines. Geneva.WHO; 1992.
8. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Press, Inc; 2013; 271-80.
9. WHO. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 11th Revision: ICD-11. World Health Organization, Geneva, June 2018.
10. World Medical Association. (2013). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Jama, 310(20), 2191–2194.
11. Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, Weiller E et al. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59Suppl 20:22-33;quiz 34-57.
12. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF 3rd, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989 May;28(2):193-213.
13. Stojanov J, Malobabic M, Stanojevic G, Stevic M, Milosevic V, Stojanov A. Quality of sleep and health-related quality of life among health care professionals treating patients with coronavirus disease-19. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2020;67(2):175-181.
14. Stojanov J, Stojanov A, Binić I, Antonijević J, Popević M. Quality of sleep in patients with myasthenia gravis. Acta Medica Medianae. 2019; 58 (3): 32-39.
15. Popević MB, Milovanović APS, Milovanović S, Nagorni-Obradović L, Nešić D, Velaga M. Reliability and Validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index-Serbian Translation. Eval Health Prof. 2018 Mar;41(1):67-81.
16. Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R. Detection of postnatal depression. Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Br J Psychiatry 1987;150:782-786.
17. Stojanov J, Stankovic M, Zikic O, Stankovic M, Stojanov A. The risk for nonpsychotic postpartum mood and anxiety disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Psychiatry Med. 2021;56(4):228-239.
18. Stojanov J, Stankovic M, Zikic O, Stojanov A. The relationship Between Alexithymia and Risk for Postpartum Depression. Psychiatr Ann 2021;51(9):431-436.
19. Stojanov Ј, Stanković М, Žikić О, Antonijević Ј. Postpartum Psychiatric Disorders: Review of the Research History, Classification, Epidemiological Data, Etiological Factors and Clinical Presentations. ActafacultatismedicaeNaissensis 2019; 36(3):167-176.
20. Stojanov J, Stojanov A, Stanković M. Risk factors for postpartum depression in the early postpartum period.Praxis medica 2019;48(2):33-37.
21. Odalovic M, Tadic I, Lakic D et al. Translation and factor analysis of structural models of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in Serbian pregnant and postpartum women - Web-based study. Women Birth 2015; 28(3):31-35.
22. Dmitrovic BK, Dugalić MG, Balkoski GN, Dmitrovic A, Soldatovic I. Frequency of perinatal depression in Serbia and associated risk factors. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2014 Sep;60(6):528-32.
23. Maghami M, Shariatpanahi SP, Habibi D, Heidari-Beni M, Badihian N, Hosseini M, Kelishadi R. Sleep disorders during pregnancy and postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J DevNeurosci. 2021 Oct;81(6):469-478.
24. Poeira AF, Zangão MO. Construct of the Association between Sleep Quality and Perinatal Depression: A Literature Review. Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Jun 21;10(7):1156.
25. Posmontier B. Sleep quality in women with and without postpartum depression. J ObstetGynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2008 Nov-Dec;37(6):722-35; quiz 735-7.
26. Qi W, Zhao F, Liu Y, Li Q, Hu J. Psychosocial risk factors for postpartum depression in Chinese women: a meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021 Mar 2;21(1):174.
Published
2025/11/19
Section
Originalni rad / Original article