PROCENA SOCIJALNOG OPTEREĆENJA BOLESNIKA SA PRIMARNIM GLAUKOMOM OTVORENOG UGLA
Sažetak
Glaukom je hronična oftalmološka bolest koju karakteriše progresivan, nepovratan gubitak vidne oštrine, dugotrajna progresija i doživotno lečenje, opadanje radne sposobnosti i samodovoljnosti, što može da generiše socijalno opterećenje kod bolesnika. Studija je dizajnirana tako da obuhvati socijalne, kliničke i farmakološke aspekte procene društvenog opterećenja bolesnika primarnim glaukomom otvorenog ugla. Reč je o studiji preseka sa kvantitativnim analitičkim pristupom, koja obuhvata 182 bolesnika muškog i ženskog pola, sa primarnim glaukomom otvorenog ugla, starosti od 20 do 67 godina, sa očuvanom oštrinom vida > 6/18 (0,33), prema ICD-10 klasifikaciji, sprovedena u periodu od avgusta do novembra 2020. godine na teritoriji Severne Makedonije. 53,3% ispitanika činile su žene i 46,7% činili su muškarci, od kojih je 79,12% lečeno propisanim lekovima, 8,8% laserom i 12,08% podvrgnuto je hirurškom zahvatu. Redovno se lečilo 57,69% ispitanika, 43,96% imalo je negativan ishod, delimičan uspeh u 30,22%, a kod 25,82% ispitanika lečenje je sprečilo dalji gubitak vida. 14,28% ispitanika iskusilo je socijalno i porodično opterećenje, a 34,07% nelagodnost, depresiju, anksioznost, beznađe i druge psihosocijalne poremećaje. Primarni glaukom otvorenog ugla stvara značajan socio-ekonomski teret, kao rezultat nepovratnog oštećenja vida, smanjene radne sposobnosti i produktivnosti i visokih troškova lečenja bolesnika. Stepen socijalnog opterećenja zavisi od razvoja i kliničkog stadijuma bolesti, procenta očuvanog vida, dostupnosti, načina i redovnosti lečenja i socio-demografskih parametara, kao što su pol, starost, zanimanje, genetska predispozicija, komorbidna stanja, porodična anamneza i dr., koji kod glaukoma igraju ulogu predisponirajućih faktora rizika.
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