PERCEPCIJA MERA PREDOSTROŽNOSTI OD OBOLJEVANJA IZAZVANIH VIRUSOM COVID-19 – STUDIJA POPREČNOG PRESEKA
Sažetak
Glavni cilj ove studije bio je da se istraže praktične prednosti predostrožnosti u ponašanju među opštom populacijom u vezi sa zaražavanjem korona virusom COVID-19 i oboljevanjemkoje ovaj virus izaziva. Sociodemografske karakteristike ispitanika u vezi sa prenošenjem COVID-19 virusa takođe su bile praćene.
Za potrebe ovog istraživanja odabrane su dve grupe ispitanika, koji su dobrovoljno pristali da učestvuju. Istraživanje je sprovedeno u periodu od oktobra do decembra 2020. godine na Medicinskom fakultetu Univerziteta u Nišu (Srbija).
Telefonskim pozivima anketirano je ukupno 1.035 ljudi. Ovi pozivi bili su obavezujući za sve testirane individue, a sprovedeni su od strane lekara sa Instituta za javno zdravlje Niš. U ovom istraživanju bile se 522 žene (50,4%) i bilo je 513 muškaraca; korona virusom bilo je zaraženo njih 630 (60,9%). Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na to da starost, stepen obrazovanja, samoprocenjeno zdravlje i postojanje hroničnih bolesti imaju značajan uticaj na percepciju rizika od zaraze virusom COVID-19. Štaviše, starost, stepen obrazovanja, postojanje hroničnih bolesti i samoprocenjeno zdravstveno stanje, naročito prisustvo takozvanog „faktora straha“ imaju značajan uticaj na stopu zaražavanja. Nasuprot tome, nije primećen uticaj razlike među polovima i nošenja obaveznih zaštitnih maski na stope zaražavanja od virusa COVID-19.
Ova studija daje nove uvide u uobičajene mere zaštite od virusa COVID-19, naglašavajući značajne razlike između proučavanih zaštitnih faktora. Neophodni su dalji napori u ovom pravcu, kako bi se razvile razrađenije, dobro izbalansirane, efikasnije strategije za obuzdavanje tekuće pandemije, posebno u kontekstu kontrole zaraze.
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