POTENCIJALNA KORIST MERENJA RENALAZE U KLINIČKOJ PRAKSI – REZULTATI PRETKLINIČKIH STUDIJA
Engleski
Sažetak
Na osnovu rezulata dobijenih na projektu Mammalian Gene Collection 2005. godine otkriven je novi molekul, koji se sintetiše i sekretuje u tkivu bubrega, posledično nazvan renalaza. Ekspresija renalaze inicijalno je dokazana u proksimalnim tubulima, ali su dodatna istraživanja pokazala to da se u značajnoj meri može detektovati i u ostalim organima, primarno u tkivu miokarda, zatim u nervima, tkivima pankreasa, jetre i creva, skeletne muskulature i oka. Na osnovu rezulata nedavnih onkoloških studija, značajna ekspresija renalaze u velikom procentu postoji i u malignom tkivu pankreasa, dojke, bubrega i melanoma, uz hipotezu da ovaj flavoprotein potencijalno funkcioniše kao molekulski pokretač za pojedine karcinome. Rezultati novih istraživanja ukazuju na to da postoji visok stepen ekspresije renalaze u humanoj posteljici, od najranijih faza razvoja, sugerišući na njenu relevantnu ulogu tokom gestacije i razvoja ploda. Analiza enzimske aktivnosti renalaze, posebno njene uloge u katabolizmu kateholamina i održanju koncentracije u plazmi, implicira na potencijalnu ulogu u regulaciji krvnog pritiska i očuvanju kardiovaskularnog zdravlja. Pored enzimskog potencijala, renalaza se smatra i molekulom sa citokinskim efektima, naročito u slučajevima akutnih povreda. Na osnovu rezulatata dobijenih pomoću istraživanja na animalnim modelima akutnih oštećenja različitih organa (bubreg, srce, jetra), u kojima je dokazano da administracija renalaze može značajno da umanji stepen lezije tkiva i omogući preživljavanje, ovaj biološki potentan protein smatra se potencijalnom terapijskom opcijom za različite lezije.
Ovaj pregledni rad sumira i daje kritički osvrt na najnovije rezultate dobijene u pretkliničkim studijama, uz potenciranje plejotropije renalaze u zaštiti tkiva i organa (bubreg, srce, jetra, creva) od ishemijskih i toksičnih povreda. Dodatno je obrađena uloga renalaze kao faktora za preživljavanje tumorskih ćelija, s obzirom na to da je dokazano da disregulacija signalizacije renalaze omogućava preživljavanje i rast ćelija melanoma i raka pankreasa.
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