ULOGA CITOKINA U SHIZOFRENIJI
Sažetak
Shizofrenija, multisistemski poremećaj sa nejasnom etiologijom, povezana je i sa imunološkom disfunkcijom, uključujući i izmenjene nivoe citokina. Potencijalna uloga inflamacije u razvoju psihijatrijskih bolesti predmet je sve opsežnijeg istraživanja u poslednje dve decenije. Veza između inflamacije i shizofrenije prethodno је sugerisana zbog već utvrđene abnormalne proizvodnje citokina, njihovih odstupanja u koncentraciji i njihovim receptorima u krvi i cerebrospinalnoj tečnosti kod osoba koje boluju od shizofrenije. Patofiziološki mehanizam inflamacije kod psihoza još uvek je nejasan, te su istraživanja dala kontradiktorne rezultate. Populacija koja boluje od shizofrenije opsežno je istražena. Ipak, grupa bolesnika sa prvom psihotičnom epizodom pruža jedinstvenu šansu u proceni bioloških, kliničkih i funkcionalnih posledica psihoze. Rezultati koji se tiču koncentracije citokina su nedosledni, što je posledica različite metodologije istraživanja. Međutim, ustanovljeno je da postoji veza između markera inflamacije i simptoma bolesti. Razvoj biomarkera na početku ili u ranoj fazi bolesti pruža mogućnost za ranu prevenciju bolesti, što sa sobom nosi bolju prognozu. Intervencije u ranoj fazi usporavaju napredovanje bolesti i poboljšavaju ishod lečenja. Populacija sa prvom psihotičnom epizodom, koja nije tretirana medikamentima, dobija sve veću pažnju u istraživanju.
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