ANEMIJA KAO ČEST KOMORBIDITET I PROGNOSTIČKI MARKER U SRČANOJ SLABOSTI
Anemija i srčana slabost
Sažetak
Srčana insuficijencija (SI) jeste klinički sindrom koji karakteriše nesposobnost srca da ispumpa količinu krvi neophodnu za zadovoljenje potreba organizma za kiseonikom i energetskim materijama srazmerno fizičkoj aktivnosti, pod uslovom da je dotokok krvi kroz vene na srcu očuvan.
Učestalost srčane insuficijencije i disfunkcije leve komore raste sa starošću bolesnika. Smatra se da je dijagnoza srčane insuficijencije najčešća otpusna dijagnoza nakon 65. godine. Komorbiditeti su veoma važni kod bolesnika sa srčanom insuficijencijom iz nekoliko razloga. Hronična anemija veoma je često udružena sa srčanom insuficijencijom (javlja se kod čak 55% bolesnika). Cilj ovog rada bilo je sagledavanje prisustva anemije kod bolesnika sa srčanom insuficijencijom i uticaja koji anemija ima na prognozu pomenute bolesti.
U studiju je bio uključen 201 ispitanik. Anemija je bila češća kod žena nego kod muškaraca i bila je podjednako zastupljena u sistolnom i dijastolnom SI-ju; to je u skladu sa prethodno zabeleženim rezultatima. Međutim, anemija nije bila češća kod starijih bolesnika sa SI-jem. Bolesnici sa klasom IV Njujorške asocijacije za srce (engl. New York Heart Association – NYHA) imali su anemiju značajno češće od onih sa NYHA klasom I ili II, što odgovara stanju zabeleženom u ranijim saopštenjima. Kod bolesnika sa srčanom insuficijencijom uočena je značajna učestalost anemije kao nekardijalnog komorbiditeta. Prisustvo anemije ima važan uticaj na hospitalni i posthospitalni tok lečenja. Terapiju treba započeti čak i ako je posredi supklinička anemija, tj. ako su depoi gvožda sniženi iako je hemoglobin i dalje u okviru referentnih vrednosti, budući da to poboljšava prognozu bolesti kod osoba sa srčanom insuficijencijom.
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