GREŠKE U POTVRDI O SMRTI: PRAKTIČNI PROBLEMI U SVAKODNEVNOJ PRAKSI
Sažetak
Tačne, precizne, aktuelne i potpune informacije o nacionalnim podacima u vezi sa mortalitetom neophodne su za planiranje ciljeva, određivanje zdravstvenih prioriteta, raspodelu budžeta i pružanje adekvatne zdravstvene zaštite. Uprkos smernicama Svetske zdravstvene organizacije, greške u popunjavanju Potvrde o smrti (POS) primećuju se u svim regionima sveta i veoma su česte. Brojne studije ukazale su na različite vrste grešaka prilikom izdavanja POS-a, fokusirajući se pritom na prisustvo ili odsustvo određenih specifičnih pojava. Mada postoje različiti načini za stratifikaciju grešaka, one se generalno razvrstavaju na velike i male greške. Velike greške odnose se na greške koje ozbiljno utiču na izbor i klasifikaciju osnovnog uzroka smrti (OUS) i u njih spadaju: pogrešna klasifikacija i definicija OUS-a, nepravilan redosled dijagnoza, mehanizam smrti bez podataka o OUS-u, višestruki i nezavisni uzroci smrti, nedovoljno specifičan uzrok smrti. Nasuprot tome, male greške imaju neznatan uticaj na klasifikaciju OUS-a; takve su, na primer, odsustvo vremenskog intervala, skraćenice, navođenje drugih značajnih stanja (komorbiditeti), više od jedne dijagnoze na liniji u delu I POS-a i nečitak rukopis. Popunjavanje POS-a predstavlja važnu veštinu koju lekar koji se bavi utvrđivanjem smrtnog ishoda treba da ima. Ključ za smanjenje ovih grešaka leži u kontinuiranoj obuci lekara zasnovanoj na primeni međunarodnih smernica. Osim toga, treba naglasiti i da je stalna edukacija u ovoj oblasti od izuzetnog značaja.
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