UTICAJ POLOŽAJA TELA U TOKU RADA NA POJAVU BOLESTI MIŠIĆNO-SKELETNOG SISTEMA KOD RADNIKA U DUVANSKOJ INDUSTRIJI
Sažetak
Bolesti mišićno-skeletnog sistema zahtevaju posebnu pažnju, s obzirom na to da predstavljaju jedan od vodećih uzroka odsustva sa posla i invaliditeta u svetu. Pored toga što utiču na sam kvalitet života, u velikoj meri umanjuju radnu sposobnost. Mogu se javiti u bilo kojoj životnoj dobi. Mada su uzroci njihove pojave različiti, nastaju prvenstveno usled interakcije nezdravog stila života i uslova na radnom mestu, koji se razlikuju u zavisnosti od zanimanja.
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da ispita zastupljenost bolesti mišićno-skeletnog sistema među radnicima Duvanske industrije Niš (DIN), kao i uticaj položaja tela radnika i drugih faktora u vezi sa radom na pojavu oboljenja mišićno-skeletnog sistema. Od ukupno četiristo dvadeset šest radnika pregledanih na sistematskom pregledu 2022. godine, kod šezdeset devet (16,2%) radnika registrovani su poremećaji mišićno-skeletnog sistema. Bolesti mišićno-skeletnog sistema bile su zastupljenije kod radnika u sektoru direktne proizvodnje (stojeći položaj) – 61 (88,41%) i kod žena (40,6%). Takođe, dovode se u vezu i sa prekomernom telesnom težinom i sa starošću radnika.
Visok stepen učestalosti mišićno-skeletnih poremećaja među zaposlenima u DIN-u ukazuje na to da je potrebno preduzeti adekvatne mere prevencije, kontrole i redukcije rizika za nastanak oboljenja i povreda mišićno-skeletnog sistema kako bi se smanjila učestalost oboljevanja i rizik od nastanka invaliditeta, ali i poboljšao kvalitet života i povećala radna sposobnost.
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