UTICAJ PRODUŽENOG IZLAGANJA DUVANSKOM DIMU NA FENOTIP I FUNKCIJU ĆELIJA UROĐENE IMUNOSTI U PLUĆIMA
Sažetak
Duvanski dim sadrži različite štetne supstance koje mogu menjati fenotip i funkciju imunskih ćelija u plućima. Da bismo bolje razumeli kako produženo izlaganje duvanskom dimu utiče na ćelije urođene imunosti (neutrofile, makrofage, dendritske ćelije, prirodne ćelije ubice (engl. natural killer ‒ NK) i prirodne ćelije ubice T (engl. natural killer T ‒ NKT) u plućima, obavili smo istraživanje na BALB/c miševima, koji su bili izloženi duvanskom dimu četiri ili osam nedelja. Duvanski dim je generisan pomoću LM1 Borgwaldt mašine. Miševi iz kontrolne grupe bili su izloženi vazduhu. Korišćenjem protočne citometrije i intracelularnim bojenjem imunskih ćelija infiltriranih u plućima uočeno je da produženo izlaganje duvanskom dimu značajno povećava prisustvo inflamacijskih neutrofila koji eksprimiraju CD14 (engl. cluster of differentiation 14 ‒ CD14) receptor, NK i NKT ćelija koje produkuju faktor nekroze tumora-α (engl. tumor necrosis factor – TNF-α), kao i makrofaga koji eksprimiraju CD40 (engl. cluster of differentiation 40 ‒ CD40) receptor. Takođe, značajno veći broj denditritskih ćelija koje produkuju interleukin-12 (IL-12) i interleukin-23 (IL-23) primećen je u plućima miševa koji su bili izloženi duvanskom dimu osam nedelja nego u plućima životinja koje su bile izložene vazduhu. Pored toga, značajno veći broj makrofaga koji proizvode TNF-α, IL-12, IL-23, kao i značajno veći broj neutrofila i NK i NKT ćelija koje proizvode TNF-α primećen je u plućima miševa koji su bili izloženi duvanskom dimu osam nedelja nego u plućima životinja koje su bile izložene duvanskom dimu četiri nedelje. Dakle, može se zaključiti da produženo izlaganje duvanskom dimu pospešuje stvaranje inflamacijskog fenotipa u urođenim imunskim ćelijama i da tako podstiče progresiju i pogoršanje inflamacijskih oboljenja pluća.
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