Archive of Oncology

Impressum

2026-04-17T10:23:09+02:00

Editorial Board

2026-04-17T10:23:09+02:00

Acceptance of human papilloma virus self-testing in cervical cancer prevention among rural Nigerian women

2026-04-17T10:23:09+02:00

Background: This study investigates the knowledge and acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) self-testing among rural women in Badagry, Lagos State, Nigeria, aiming to address the growing public health concern of cervical cancer. With 9,922 new cervical cancer cases annually in Nigeria, late diagnosis and suboptimal treatment contribute to high mortality rates.

Methods: The study involved 220 women who performed HPV self-sampling alongside physician-conducted visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and reported preference.

Results: The results reveal inadequate cervical cancer awareness (55.5%) and low HPV knowledge (20.9%), particularly among women with incomplete education. While 80.9% of women preferred VIA, only 49.1% found HPV self-sampling feasible. Notably, self-testing was more accepted among divorced, separated, and widowed women.

Conclusion: The efforts to improve education and awareness about the causative role of HPV in cervical cancer awareness are crucial to enhance its utilization and acceptance in rural settings.

Anticancer activity of eugenol from clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) against MCF-7 breast cancer cells: in silico and in vitro evaluation

2026-04-17T10:23:10+02:00

Breast cancer is a major cause of cancer-related deaths among women globally. Despite notable progress in the treatment options, the pursuit of effective natural-based therapeutic alternatives continues to be essential. Syzygium aromaticum L. (cloves) is rich in eugenol, a phenolic compound known for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. This study aimed to assess the anticancer activity of eugenol extracted from cloves against MCF-7 breast cancer cells using in silico molecular docking and in vitro cytotoxicity assays. The cloves collected from Natuna District and Magetan District (Indonesia) were extracted through Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane and maceration with ethanol. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified eugenol as the primary component, making up 53.6% of the Soxhlet extract. The molecular docking results indicated that eugenol has significant binding affinities for AKT (-5.1 kcal/mol) and ESR1 (-5.9 kcal/mol), two essential proteins involved in the proliferation and survival of breast cancer cells. Cytotoxicity assessments using the MTT assay revealed a dose-dependent decrease in MCF-7 cell viability, with notable inhibition occurring at concentrations between 15.625 and 2.000 ppm. These results suggest that the eugenol-rich clove extract demonstrates promising anticancer potential by exerting direct cytotoxic effects and influencing key molecular targets within the breast cancer signalling pathway.

Multidisciplinary surgical approach in the treatment of giant mucinous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma

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Introduction: Giant ovarian tumors (>20 cm) are not common and often present late, with organ compression symptoms and increased abdominal girth. Early diagnosis is challenging due to nonspecific complaints until tumors reach massive dimensions.

Case Presentation: A 49‑year‑old woman presented with progressive abdominal distension over, as she claimed, four months, culminating in a 180-cm abdominal circumference that impaired mobility and caused orthopnea. Contrast‑enhanced CT demonstrated a 54 × 26 × 25 cm cystic mass of ovarian origin, with focal wall thickening up to 5.6 cm, displacing abdominopelvic organs and elevating diaphragm. After multidisciplinary consultation, a midline laparotomy was performed. Controlled puncture and aspiration yielded approximately 53 L of mucinous fluid. A right adnexectomy was performed, and frozen‑section analysis indicated a borderline mucinous tumor. The operation continued with total hysterectomy, left adnexectomy, and partial omentectomy. Abdominal closure was achieved by abdominal and plastic surgeons: excess fascia and skin were excised, a synthetic mesh was placed, and abdominoplasty was performed. Definitive histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed right ovary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma without capsular surface involvement or lymphovascular invasion, staged as FIGO IC1. The patient received six cycles of adjuvant paclitaxel–carboplatin. At one‑year follow‑up, the patient exhibited no evidence of recurrence and satisfactory abdominal contour.

Conclusion: Management of giant ovarian tumors demands meticulous preoperative planning and a coordinated multidisciplinary team. Surgical challenges include safe tumor decompression, accurate intraoperative diagnosis, and specialized abdominal wall reconstruction including gynecologic, abdominal, and plastic surgical expertise.

Keywords: giant ovarian tumors, borderline ovarian tumor, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma.

Gigantic hip mass as the initial presentation of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis

2026-04-17T10:23:10+02:00

Introduction: Hyperphosphatemic familial tumoural calcinosis (HFTC) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterised by ectopic calcium phosphate deposition around the joints due to mutations affecting phosphate regulation.

Case outline: We report a 7-year-old boy who presented with hip pain and swelling, mimicking malignancy. Imaging revealed a large lobulated soft tissue mass involving the left iliac fossa and pelvic musculature. The FDG-PET and MRI findings suggested a neoplastic lesion, but the FNAC revealed only calcific debris. Biochemical analysis revealed elevated serum phosphorus levels and low PTH. Whole-exome sequencing identified a homozygous likely pathogenic mutation in GALNT3 (c.840T>A; p.Cys280Ter). Medical management included phosphate binders and acetazolamide. Despite initial improvement, recurrence occurred one year later. Surgical options were deemed high-risk and conservative treatment was continued.

Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of considering HFTC in the differential diagnosis of calcified soft tissue masses in children and the role of genetic testing in diagnosis and management.

Management of giant desmoid type fibromatosis of abdominal wall

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Introduction. Desmoid type fibromatosis (DT) represents a rare benign tumor formations characterized with local aggressive behaviour, but absence of metastatic potential. Histologically they are often misdiagnosed leading to unnecessary radical surgery. Even with proper diagnose there are different approaches and not clear protocols for treatment of DT.

Case report. The study presents the case of 33-year-old male that presented in emergency department with large swelling of abdominal wall that was present for two years. Ultrasound was done and abdominal swelling was described by radiologist as ventral hernia. After further radiological studies (CT scan and magnetic resonance) diagnosis of tumour of abdominal wall was established. Biopsy led to diagnose of sarcoma. Surgery was planned as tumour was growing rapidly reaching around 30 cm and producing necrosis of abdominal wall skin. After resection of 8.5kg of tumour and clinically clear margins defect was reconstructed by placing polypropylene mesh and darn Nylon suture with local rotational skin flap. In the postoperative days an infection of surgical wound developed. Infection was resolved in two weeks without further complications. The definitive histopathological diagnoses was desmoid type fibromatosis.

Conclusion. Active surveillance is considered today as most acceptable strategy in treatment of DT. Better understanding of genetic alterations which are in base of DT and determining prognostic factors that favour aggressive behaviour, will lead to creation of appropriate individual strategy and tailored therapy for every patient.

Erratum to: Comparation of animal models of acute toxicity of doxorubicin (Vol 31(2);3-8, 2025)

2026-04-17T10:23:10+02:00

Background: Animal models are essential for research in biomedicine. The cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin is the most common and severe side effect of this potent chemotherapeutic agent, and in order to investigate its prevention, a large number of studies have been performed on animal models. Unfortunately, the models are not uniform and the applied doses as well as the effectiveness vary significantly, often with great animal suffering.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of 10 animals each and treated with saline solution intraperitoneally (group C), or with doxorubicin intraperitoneally in a single dose of 15 mg/kg (group G15) or 20 mg/kg (group G20). Body weight, mortality, the condition of animals, intensity of lipid peroxidation, activity of antioxidant enzymes and myocardial tissue damage (using doxorubicin damage score, DDS) were analyzed.

Results: Group 20, in comparison with groups G15 and C, exhibited the worse general condition, higher mortality and significantly higher intensity of lipid peroxidation. Both doses of doxorubicin induced a statistically significant decrease of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity compared to the control group. Among the doxorubicin-treated groups, GR is significantly more reduced in G15. GST is significantly more reduced in G20 while SOD and GSH-Px do not differ. The DDS score indicates myocardial tissue injury in both G15 and G20.

Conclusions: Both applied doses induce animal models of acute doxorubicin induced oxidative stress and cardiotoxicity. A higher dose is more suitable for studies of oxidative stress, but should be applied with caution due to higher mortality. A lower dose is more suitable for studies focused on tissue morphology.

Instructions for Authors

2026-04-17T10:23:11+02:00