Archive of Oncology

Impressum

Archive of Oncology — Tue, 17 Dec 2024 08:51:00 +0100

Intro with Editorial Board

Archive of Oncology — Tue, 17 Dec 2024 08:57:22 +0100

Comparison of microvascular density in cervical carcinoma in relation to predictive pathohistological parameters

Tue, 17 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

Objective: The occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis of tumors are closely linked to angiogenesis, which is reflected by tumor microvessel density. The aim is to analyze microvascular density (MVD) in groups of patients with high grade squamos intraepithelial lesions (H-SIL), and cervical carcinoma, and to compare MVD in relation to the degree of tumor differentiation, size, presence of lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastases. Materials and methods: The study was retrospective, conducted on histopathological samples of 109 patients who underwent hysterectomy with/without adnexectomy. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the histopathological results: group A - patients with H-SIL, and B with cervical cancer. The control group included surgically treated patiens with benign uterine diseases. Based on hematoxylin/eosine staining, representative sample was chosen for immunohistochemistry, and the analysis of CD34 antigen expression and measurement of MVD were done. Results: In order to subdivide groups according to the low (L) and high (H) MVD, in control, group A, and B, with mean MVDs 2.2; 9.85 and 17.19, respectively, a cut-off values were determined.

In the control group, LMVD 100% was measured. There were 7 (21.21%) in group A and 29 patients (63.04%) in group B with HMVD. A statistically significant difference was confirmed by comparing HMVD and LMVD in cervical cancer patients with lymph nodes metastasis (p<0.029). In the subgroup of patients with other worse pathohistological prognostic factors, a tumor size greater than 2 cm, depth of stromal invasion ˃10 mm, infiltration of “isthmus” of the uterus, a difference with no statistical significance was confirmed. Conclusion: Invasive cervical cancers are characterised by a significantly higher mean values of MVD compared to H-SIL. Significantly more often, HMVD is associated with the presence of lymph node metastases and histopathological parameters of poor prognosis.

Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI RADS) - why we don’t use it correctly in the region?

Nataša Prvulović Bunović, Milica Mastilović, Maja Stankov, Borislava Nikolin — Tue, 17 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI RADS) is used for the standardization of radiological reports in breast imaging, created by the American college of radiology (ACR). Standardized reports allow breast lesion characterization, malignancy risk assessment, and facilitate communication between doctors. The system is made for everyday clinical practice with the aim to improve the quality of diagnostics and anticipate comparison of results with colleagues from another health institutions, while in Serbia to assist in communication with colleagues from the region. BI RADS system is composed of a lexicon recommendations for structured radiological reporting and further management. Most of the health institutions in Serbia and surrounding countries use it, but in everyday clinical practice the system is not correctly implemented in all institutions. During daily imaging procedures we see radiological reports coming from different institutions in the region. Some of them clearly show that the system is misunderstood and not implemented in a correct way. Our aim is to evaluate the use of BI RADS system in everyday clinical practice in Serbia and region, to explain why it is not used correctly, to point out the most common mistakes made, with the desire to make the system work adequately.

The impact of vitamin D on breast cancer treatment: literature review

Mariia Fedosenko — Tue, 17 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

Background: Despite the progress in individualizing breast cancer therapy and achieving success in surgical and systemic treatment, the mortality remains high, which requires the search for new targets that can have a significant direct or indirect contribution to the development and prognosis of this disease. One such factor is vitamin D, which is deficient in most parts of the world, and its serum and receptor status have been extensively studied. Numerous studies have been published on the protective effects of vitamin D on breast cancer and other malignancies, risk of development, and treatment outcomes, in particular, increasing the sensitivity of tumors to systemic therapy, survival, and prognosis.

Methods: The authors analyzed and systematized research data on the predictive effect of vitamin D on the prognosis and course of breast cancer, the manifestation of its “non-classical” effects in preclinical and clinical studies, and assessed the possible practical application of the results obtained at the molecular-cellular level. The results allow us to use vitamin D as an important marker for monitoring the skeletal system's state during and after breast cancer treatment. In addition, vitamin D and its analogues in combination with other cytostatic drugs can help search for possible new therapeutic targets.

Conclusion: The presented results of vitamin D activity associated with the stages of carcinogenesis undoubtedly open up prospects for finding new possibilities for the treatment and prevention of breast cancer, creating prospects for further research to improve the prognosis and survival rates for such patients. The studied cytotoxic effects expand the field of clinical research on the “non-classical” properties of vitamin D and allow the integration of data on a potential antitumor agent for many malignant tumors.

Case report on paratesticular sarcoma and a focused review of the literature

Abhijit Shah, Siddhant Kumar, Arghya Choudhari, Arun Chawla, Surag K R — Tue, 17 Dec 2024 10:37:06 +0100

Insidious, usually painless, and rare inguinoscrotal masses arising from paratesticular elements (spermatic cord, epididymis, tunica or the stroma) are known as paratesticular tumors. The overall incidence is less than 5%, and the total number of giant (>10cm) paratesticular liposarcomas is less than 300 cases recorded since 2020. We report a similar clinical dilemma of a giant scrotal mass managed via a wide local resection and close surveillance in a 61 year old male. However, owing to its rarity, there is no fixed treatment protocol; hence, a supplementary review of similar cases is discussed here.

The role of stereotactic radiotherapy in the treatment of the local recurrence of colorectal cancer - a case report

Tue, 17 Dec 2024 10:38:38 +0100

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases worldwide. A multidisciplinary approach to treatment involves surgery and chemotherapy, while radiotherapy is used in the treatment of tumors localized in the pelvis. Stereotactic radiotherapy allows the delivery of high, ablative radical radiotherapy doses to target volumes, with a reduced risk to the surrounding organs, making it suitable for irradiating localized disease. A 59-year-old female S.M. presented to the doctor due to the appearance of a perianal fistula. Colonoscopy was performed, revealing a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination diagnosed a tumor lesion of the rectosigmoid junction with a perilesional abscess collection and several fistulous channels communicating with the perianal skin. The patient underwent surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy. A follow-up MRI examination 8 months after surgery revealed a soft tissue lesion in the perianal tissue characterized as a recurrence of the disease, and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) was applied. Six months after SBRT follow-up examinations indicated a complete clinical response to radiotherapy without the recurrence of the primary disease. Stereotactic radiotherapy can be applied as an effective and safe ablative technique, particularly when considering the significant morbidity and impairment of the quality of life in patients after surgical treatment.

Instructions for Authors

Archive of Oncology — Tue, 17 Dec 2024 10:40:00 +0100