https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/bnsr Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia en-US Bulletin of Natural Sciences Research 2738-0971 <p>Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/" target="_new">Creative Commons Attribution License</a> that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.</p> https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/bnsr/article/view/57764 <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Digitalization has significantly transformed the global tourism industry, reshaping workplace structures, job roles, and employee responsibilities. This study examines the impact of digitalization on employees in the Serbian tourism sector, focusing on changes in workplace tasks, challenges and benefits of digital tools, job satisfaction and stress levels, and concerns regarding job security and career development. Using a qualitative research approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with tourism employees across various sectors, including hotels, travel agencies, airlines, and hospitality services. Findings reveal that while digitalization enhances operational efficiency and reduces administrative burdens, it also introduces new challenges such as increased workload, digital fatigue, and job displacement risks. Automation and AI-driven tools have streamlined processes but reduced personal customer interactions, raising concerns about the loss of human-centered service. Employees expressed mixed feelings about digitalization, with mid-level and senior professionals viewing it as an opportunity for career growth, while entry-level workers feared job redundancy. The study underscores the need for structured digital training, adaptive workforce strategies, and balanced technological integration to support employees during the digital transition. These findings provide valuable insights for businesses and policymakers seeking to optimize digital transformation while ensuring workforce sustainability in the tourism industry.</span></strong></p> Dunja Demirović Bajrami Marija Bojić Copyright (c) 2025 Bulletin of Natural Sciences Research 2025-11-28 2025-11-28 16 1 10.5937/bnsr16-57764 https://aseestant.ceon.rs/index.php/bnsr/article/view/61990 <p><strong><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Rapid technological progress and increasingly pressing needs for energy efficiency, safety, and personalised comfort have driven the development of intelligent systems for residential automation. This paper presents the design and implementation of a modular IoT smart-home system based on a microcontroller architecture with real-time data processing. The developed prototype integrates sensor modules for detecting temperature, humidity, air quality, illuminance, vibration, precipitation, and flame, as well as actuators for automated control of windows, doors, lighting, ventilation, and alarm mechanisms. The system is connected to a mobile application that enables monitoring and interactive control in real time, and users can define scenarios such as &ldquo;night mode&rdquo; or &ldquo;away mode&rdquo;. Special emphasis in the design is placed on the system&rsquo;s modularity, its energy optimisation, and the ability to adapt behaviour based on historical data and user habits. The system&rsquo;s functionality was tested on a physical model and in real conditions, establishing that it reacts within a time window of 1&ndash;3 seconds from the moment a change in environmental parameters is detected. The obtained results indicate significant potential for integrating microcontrollers, an IoT platform, and adaptive control algorithms in the domain of smart buildings and future concepts of urban automation. The paper also opens up avenues for further development with integrated machine-learning and artificial-intelligence algorithms aimed at achieving fully autonomous control of the residential environment. This iteration includes a fully functional physical prototype and application, while the predictive AI part is evaluated offline via simulation/emulation based on recorded logs, without on-device inference.&nbsp;</span></strong></p> Nebojša Andrijević Zoran Lovreković Bojan Jovanović Milica Stojičević Milica Velkovski Copyright (c) 2026 Bulletin of Natural Sciences Research 2026-01-22 2026-01-22 16 1 10.5937/bnsr16-61990