Oralna higijena kod pacijenata sa ortodontskim aparatima
Sažetak
Terapija fiksnim ortodontskim aparatima u određenim okolnostima može dovesti do povećanja akumulacije dentalnog plaka, promene u sastavu oralne flore i otežanog održavanja oralne higijene. Za posledicu imamo pojavu većeg broja različitih problema, posebno kod pacijenata koji loše održavaju oralnu higijenu. Najčešći problemi su uglavnom gingivitisi, kao i povećana incidenca karijesa. Nekad promene na gingivi mogu biti toliko izražene da se mora skratiti vreme nošenja aparata, a u nekim slučajevima i prekinuti terapija. Zbog navedenih problema, dobro održavanje oralne higijene kod pacijenata koji nose fiksne ortodontske aparate vrlo je značajno. Svakodnevno održavanje oralne higijene kod ovih pacijenata je komplikovano, pa su njima potrebna dodatna uputstva i objašnjenja kako i kojim sredstvima mogu efikasno da uklone plak. Takođe je potrebno, pogotovu mlađim pacijentima, pružati stalnu motivaciju i podršku. Za održavanje oralne higijene ovi pacijenti koriste veći broj različitih sredstava: standardne zubne četkice, i interdentalne četkice raznih veličina i oblika, zubni konac i interdentalne stimulatore. Mogu se koristiti električne četkice i aparat sa mlazom vode ili rastvorom. Često su kao pomoć oralnoj higijeni potrebni antiseptici i fluoridi. Kod pacijenata koji nose fiksne ortodontske aparate potrebno je uložiti napor i koristiti različita sredstva da se efikasno održava oralna higijena kako bi ortodontska terapija bila uspešna.
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