EXTRACTION OF THIACLOPRID FROM HONEY USING AQUEOUS BIPHASIC SYSTEMS BASED ON POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE (K3PO4) AND IONIC LIQUIDS

Aleksandar Maric; Pavle Jovanov; Marijana Sakač; Bojana Radić; Branislava Đermanović; Slobodan Gadžurić

doi:10.5937/ffr0-53222

Aleksandar Maric Insitutute of Food Technology in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
Pavle Jovanov Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad
Marijana Sakač Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad
Bojana Radić Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad
Branislava Đermanović Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad
Slobodan Gadžurić Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/ffr0-53222

Abstract

Thiacloprid, a widely used neonicotinoid pesticide, poses a significant health risk when present in honey. Conventional extraction techniques are often complex and time-consuming, highlighting the need for more efficient methods. This study investigated the application of aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) based on ionic liquids (ILs) in combination with the kosmotropic salt potassium phosphate (K₃PO₄) for extracting thiacloprid from honey, with the goal of enhancing extraction efficiency and simplifying the process. Two commercially available ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C₄mim][Cl]) and tetrabutylammonium chloride ([N₄₄₄₄][Cl]), were assessed for their phase-forming properties and extraction efficiencies. Both systems achieved extraction efficiencies exceeding 90%, with the [C₄mim][Cl] system demonstrating superior performance, attaining an extraction efficiency (EE%) of 98.11 ± 1.26%. Additionally, spectrophotometric detection was applied, providing a faster, simpler, and more cost-effective alternative to chromatographic methods. The results underscore the potential of IL-based ABS systems with K₃PO₄ as a sustainable and effective alternative to traditional extraction methods, demonstrating a selective, rapid, and environmentally friendly approach for extracting thiacloprid from complex matrix such as honey.