RECENT REVIEW ON ETHNOMEDICINAL, PHARMACOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANANA (MUSA PARADISIACA)
Review on ethnomedicine, pharmacology and chemistry of banana
Keywords:
Banana, Medicinal Use, Phytoconstituents, Diarrhea, Wound healing
Abstract
Musa paradisiaca Link (Musaceae) is not only extensively utilized in gastronomy worldwide but also holds significant relevance in ethnomedicine. This review aims to compile information regarding the traditional applications, pharmacological activities, and phytochemical constituents of this species. A systematic literature search was conducted using Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed Central, and Alicia databases, yielding 70 relevant documents, mainly published between 2015 and 2025. In traditional medicine, the fruit of M. paradisiaca is primarily employed for the treatment of diarrhea, whereas other plant organs exhibit diverse therapeutic functions, including wound healing and the management of diabetes and colds. Phytochemical analyses reveal that flavonoids, phenolic acids, fatty acids, calcium, and potassium constitute the principal bioactive compounds in mature fruits, while distinct metabolites are present in other plant parts. Recent in vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies have demonstrated a broad spectrum of bioactivities for M. paradisiaca, with antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and wound-healing properties being the most extensively investigated. Furthermore, soluble fibers, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins have been identified as the primary bioactive compound classes responsible for these effects. In conclusion, recent ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological research on M. paradisiaca has expanded scientific knowledge regarding its medicinal applications, providing a foundation for its appropriate utilization in various health-related fields, including nutrition, pharmacy, and medicine.
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Budi, H. S., Ramadan, D. E., Anitasari, S., & Pangestika, E. W. (2022). Estimation of platelet count and bleeding time of mice treated with Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum (L.) Kuntze extract. Journal of Experimental Pharmacology, 14, 301–308. https://doi.org/10.2147/JEP.S370715 Chelliah, R., Park, S. J., Oh, S., Lee, E., Daliri, E. B. M., Elahi, F., & Oh, D. H. (2022). Unveiling the potentials of bioactive oligosaccharide 1-kestose (GF2) from Musa paradisiaca Linn peel with an anxiolytic effect based on gut microbiota modulation in stressed mice model. Food Bioscience, 49, 101881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101881
Cheng, Y. Z., Liu, I. M., Cheng, J. T., Lin, B. S., & Liu, F. (2020). Wound healing is promoted by Musa paradisiaca (banana) extract in diabetic rats. Archives of Medical Science, 20(2), 632–640. https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2019.85440
Chendake, S., Kale, T., Manavadaria, Y., & Motimath, A. S. (2021). Evaluation of banana leaves (Musa paradisiaca) as an alternative wound dressing material compared to conventional petroleum jelly gauze dressing in contused, lacerated and sutured wounds over the head, neck and face region. Cureus, 13(10), e18552. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.18552
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Damián-Medina, K. A., Higuera-Ciapara, I., Marino-Marmolejo, E. N., Figueroa-Yañez, L. J., Salinas-Moreno, Y., & Lugo-Cervantes, E. (2018). Potencial bioactivo de las antocianinas sobre los mecanismos involucrados en el control de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Acta Ciencias de la Salud, 5(2), 7–13.
Dubey, S., Ganeshpurkar, A., Bansal, D., & Dubey, N. (2017). Glycolytic enzyme inhibitory and antiglycation potential of rutin. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3(2), 158–162.
Ekweogu, C. N., Akubugwo, E. I., Emmanuel, O., Nosiri, C. I., Uche, M. E., Adurosakin, O. E., Ijioma, S. N., & Ugbogu, E. A. (2024). Phytochemical profiling, toxicity studies, wound healing, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Musa paradisiaca L. Musaceae (Plantain) stem extract in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 322, 117639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2024.117639
Espíndola, K. M. M., Ferreira, R. G., Narvaez, L. E. M., Silva Rosario, A. C. R., Da Silva, A. H. M., Silva, A. G. B., & Monteiro, M. C. (2019). Chemical and pharmacological aspects of caffeic acid and its activity in hepatocarcinoma. Frontiers in Oncology, 9, 541. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2019.00541
Estevez, A. M., & Estevez, R. J. (2012). A short overview on the medicinal chemistry of (—)-shikimic acid. Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry, 12(14), 1443–1454.
Falowo, T. T., Ejidike, I. P., Lajide, L., & Clayton, H. S. (2021). Polyphenolic content of Musa acuminata and Musa paradisiaca bracts: chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 14(4), 1767–1780.
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