Urban expansion of the largest cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina over the period 2000-2018
Abstract
The paper analyses the databases Urban Atlas (UA), Imperviousness, and CORINE Land Cover (CLC) for the largest cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The UA database contains information for five functional urban zones with more than 100,000 inhabitants: Sarajevo, Banja Luka, Tuzla, Mostar, and Zenica. The Imperviousness database is related to the subclasses of the urban atlas because the impermeability percentage has been used for a more detailed classification within the discontinuous urban area. The CLC database provides insight into the intensity of expansion of these cities during three six-year periods: 2000-2006, 2006-2012, and 2012-2018. The research has been used to analyse the expansion of urban zones, the structure, and form of cities, and the impact of urban expansion on the surrounding area. The results of the research show that, despite the negative demographic trends, there is a trend of urban expansion in B&H, mainly overthe agricultural land. According to the CLC database in the period 2000-2018, artificial areas increased in spatial coverage from 1.35% to 1.7%, and urban fabric from 0.99% to 1.27%. The Imperviousness database shows that in 2018sealed areas covered 1.59% and built-up areas 0.8% of the territory of B&H. The 2013 census showed that the number of inhabitants in all five functional urban areas decreased compared to 1991, but despite that fact, the expansion of urban zones continues with a weaker or stronger intensity.So far, there has been no research on urban development based on the high-resolution layers UA and Imperviousness database in B&H, so that such research is the most significant contribution of this article.
References
Agency for statistic of Bosnia and Herzegovina - ASB&H. (2020). Population Projections 2020-2070. http://www.bhas.ba/News/Read/42?lang=en
Agency for statistic of Bosnia and Herzegovina- ASB&H. (2016). Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2013, 1991. Sarajevo. https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/doc/RezultatiPopisa_SR.pdfhttp://www.statistika.ba/
BIHAMK (Bosanskohercegovački auto-moto klub/Bosnia and Herzegovina Automobile and Motorcycle Club) (2020). Informacija o registrovanimdrumskimvozilima u BiH u periodujanuar-decembar 2019 [Information on registered road vehicles in B&H in the period January-December 2019] (in Serbian/Croatian/Bosnian) https://bihamk.ba/assets/upload/Broj_registrovanih_motornih_vozi.pdf
Copernicus Land Monitoring Services – CLMS. (2020). Urban Atlas Mapping Guide v6.1, https://land.copernicus.eu/user-corner/technical-library/urban-atlas-mapping-guide
Copernicus Land Monitoring Services- CLMS. CLC and CHA database,https://land.copernicus.eu/pan-european
Copernicus Land Monitoring Service- CLMS. Urban Atlas, database.
https://land.copernicus.eu/local/urban-atlas
Copernicus Land Monitoring Services- CLMS. Imperviousness, database. https://land.copernicus.eu/pan-european/high-resolution-layers/imperviousness
Dezső, Z., Pongrácz, R., & Bartholy, J. (2019). Analysis of surface temperature measurements over complex urban sites. Geographica Pannonica, 23(4), 337–346. DOI: 10.5937/gp23-23844
Drašković, B., Berjan, S., Milić, V., Govedarica, B.,& Radosavac, A. (2021). Structure of agricultural land losses in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Agriculture and Forestry, 67(1), 91-101. DOI: 10.17707/AgricultForest.67.1.08
Drašković, B., Ponosov, A., Zhernakova, N., Gutalj, M., & Miletić, B. (2020). Land cover types and changes in land use in Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina) over the period 2000-2018. Journal of the Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić” SASA, 70(1), 81-88. https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI2001081D
European Environment Agency– EEA. (2019). CORINE Land Cover Nomenclature Guidelines, https://land.copernicus.eu/user-corner/technical-library/corine-land-cover-nomenclature-guidelines/html
European Environment Agency– EEA. (2017a). Urban sprawl in Europe, Joint EEA-FOEN report, No 11/2016. https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/urban-sprawl-in-europe
European Environment Agency– EEA. (2017b). CLMS Local Component: Urban Atlas, https://land.copernicus.eu/user-corner/publications/ua-flyer/view
European Environment Agency– EEA. (2017c). Bosnia and Herzegovina land cover country fact sheet 2012. https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/landuse/land-cover-country-fact-sheets/ba-bosnia-and-herzegovinalandcover-2012.pdf/view
European Environment Agency –EEA. (2006). Urban sprawl in Europe – The ignored challenge. EEA Report 2006 No 10/2006 Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/eea_report_2006_10/eea_report_10_2006.pdf
EUROSTAT (2016). Urban Europe — Statistics on cities, towns and suburbs. Eurostat statistical books. Luxembourg: EU.https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-statistical-books/-/KS-01-16-691
Federation of Bosnia &Herzegovina Bureau of Statistics - FB&H BS. (2020). Thematic bulletins - population and register, Statistical Database. Sarajevo. http://fzs.ba/index.php/publikacije/godisnji-bilteni/stanovnistvo-i-registar/
Gekić, H., & Bidžan-Gekić, A. (2019). Urban hierarchyinside a divided urban system of Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1st Istanbul International Geography Congress Proceedings Book, 492-510. https://doi.org/10.26650/PB/PS12.2019.002.048
Grigorescu, I., Mitrică, B., Kucsicsa, G., Popovici, E-A., Dumitraşcu, M. & Cuculici, R. (2012). Post-communist land use changes related to urban sprawl in the Romanian metropolitan areas, HUMAN GEOGRAPHIES – Journal of Studies and Research in Human Geography, 6(1), 35-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5719/hgeo.2012.61.35
Hardi, T., Repaská, G., Veselovský, J., & Vilinová, K. (2020). Environmental Consequences of the Urban Sprawl in the Suburban Zone of Nitra. An Analysis Based on Landcover Data. GeographicaPannonica, 24(3), 205–220. doi: 10.5937/gp24-25543
Hlaváček, P., Kopáček, M. & Horáčková, L. (2019). Impact of Suburbanisation on Sustainable Development of Settlements in Suburban Spaces: Smart and New Solutions, Sustainability, 11(24), 7182. doi:10.3390/su11247182
Jaeger, J.A.G., Bertiller, R., Schwick, C., & Kienast, F. (2010). Suitability criteria for measures of urban sprawl, Ecological Indicators, 10(2), 427–441. (DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2009.07.007).
Johnson, M.P. (2001). Environmental impacts of urban sprawl: A survey of the literature and proposed research agenda. Environment and Planning A, 33(4), 717–735.
Karakayaci, Z. (2016). The concept of urban sprawl and its causes, The Journal of International Social Research, 9(45), 815-818.
Korcelli, P. (1990). Migration and residential mobility in the Warsaw region. Residential mobility from Poland to the Netherlands. KNAG: Utrecht, Amsterdam. pp. 46–58.
Lennert, J., Farkas, J.Z., Kovács, A.D., Molnár, A., Módos, R., Baka, D., & Kovács Z. (2020). Measuring and Predicting Long-Term Land Cover Changes in the Functional Urban Area of Budapest, Sustainability, 12(8), 3331. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12083331
Leontidou, L., Afouxenidis, A., Kourliouros, E., & Marmaras, E. (2007). Infrastructure-related urban sprawl: Mega-events and hybrid peri-urban landscapes in Southern Europe. Urban sprawl in Europe: Landscapes, land-use change and policy, 69–101.
Lefebvre, A., Sannier, C., & Corpetti, T. (2016). Monitoring Urban Areas with Sentinel-2A Data:Application to the Update of the Copernicus High Resolution Layer Imperviousness Degree, Remote Sensing, 8, 606. doi:10.3390/rs8070606
Marković, V., Savić, S., Arsenović, D., Stankov, U., & Dolinaj, D. (2013). Quantification of artificial surfaces impact on Urban Heat Island of Novi Sad (Vojvodina, Serbia). GeographicaPannonica, 17(3), 69-73. DOI: 10.5937/GeoPan1303069M
Nedović-Budić, Z., Tsenkova, S. & Marcuse, P. (Eds.) (2006). The Urban Mosaic of Post-socialist Europe. Space, Institutions and Policy. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag. pp. 3-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-7908-1727-9_1
Oueslati, W., Alvanides, S., & Garrod, G. (2015). Determinants of urban sprawl in European cities. Urban Studies, 52(9), 1594–1614. doi:10.1177/0042098015577773
Pach, P. (2016). Spatial development of localities near large cities in Poland on the example of suburban area of Wroclaw. In Proceedings of the Political Sciences and Law, 3rd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2016, Sofia, Bulgaria, pp. 647-654. DOI: 10.5593/SGEMSOCIAL2016/HB42/S07.081
Petrescu, F. (2019). Urban sprawl from urban atlas data: Romanian case study. Management research and practice, 11(2). https://www.proquest.com/openview/a4fb12edca21c42975377d45c0094267/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=1036417
Petrişor, A-I., & Petrişor, L.E. (2015). Assessing microscale environmental changes: CORINE VS the Urban Atlas. De Gruyte Open, 9(2). DOI 10.1515/pesd-2015-0027
Prastacos, P., Lagarias, A., & Chrysoulakis, N. (2017). Using the Urban Atlas dataset for estimating spatial metrics. Methodology and application in urban areas of Greece, Cybergeo. European Journal of Geography, 815. https://doi.org/10.4000/cybergeo.28051
Prastacos, P., & Chrysoulakis, N. (2011).Urban Atlas, land use modelling and spatial metric techniques, ERSA conference papers ersa11p1406, European Regional Science Association. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/6580393.pdf
Prokić M., Savić S., & Pavić D. (2019). Pluvial flooding in urban areas across the European continent. GeographicaPannonica, 23(4), 216–232. DOI: 10.5937/gp23-23508
Republika Srpska Institute of Statistics - RSIS. (2020). Statistical Yearbook, Demographic statistics. Banja Luka. https://www.rzs.rs.ba/static/uploads/bilteni/stanovnistvo/BiltenDemografskaStatistika_2020_WEB.pdf
Roose, A., Kull, A., Gauk, M., & Tali, T. (2013). Land use policy shocks in the post-communist urban fringe: A casestudy of Estonia. Land Use Policy, 30, 76–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.02.008
Schmidt, S., Fina, S. & Siedentop, S. (2015). Post-socialist Sprawl: A Cross-CountryComparison, European Planning Studies, 23(7), 1357-1380. DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.933178
Slaev, A.D., Nedović-Budić, Z., Krunić, N., Petrić, J., & Daskalova, D. (2018). Suburbanization and sprawl in post-socialist Belgrade and Sofia, European Planning Studies, 26(7), 1389-1412. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2018.1465530
Slaev, A. & Kovačev, A. (2014). Specific Issues of Urban Sprawl in Bulgaria. European Spatial Research and Policy, 21(2), 155-169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/esrp-2015-0010
Svirčić Gotovac, A., & Kerbler, B. (2019). From Post-Socialist to Sustainable: The City of Ljubljana, Sustainability, 11(24), 7126. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11247126
Taubenbok, H., Gerten, C., Rusche, K., & Siedentop, S. (2019). Patterns of Eastern European urbanisation in the mirror of Western trends – Convergent, unique or hybrid?. Urban Analytics and City Science, 46(7), 1206–1225. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2399808319846902
Tobias, S., Conen, F., Duss, A., Wenzel, L.M., Buser, C., & Alewell, C. (2018). Soil sealing and unsealing: State of the art and examples. Land Degradation and Development, 29(6), 2015-2024.https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2919
Wilson, E.H., Hurd, J.D., Civco, D.L., Prisloe, M.P., & Arnold, C. (2003). Development of a geospatial model to quantify, describe and map urban growth. Remote Sensing of Environment, 86 (3), 275–285.
World Bank (2021). GDP - Bosnia and Herzegovina, World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?locations=BA
