INTERNATIONAL TRADE REVIEW OF ASIAN TIGERS COUNTRIES (2000-2020)

: East Asian countries have a significant share in world trade and production. Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea, also known as Asian Tigers, stand out among other East Asian countries. These countries have come to a position that directs world trade in the last quarter-century with their growth rates, competitive advantages they have achieved in their markets, and the level they have reached in the field of technology. From this point of view, this study investigated the foreign trade activities of the Asian Tigers countries (Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea) for the 2000-2020 period and to determine the countries with which the Asian Tigers trade the most. The data used in the study were obtained from the “World Trade Organization” and "Trademap" sites. The Asian Tigers have had a financially solid and successful period every year. They have a successful economic policy that can quickly overcome crisis periods with minor damage. It has been seen that they are among the best countries in foreign trade with their export-based foreign trade policies and technology infrastructure investments.


Introduction
The term "Tiger" in the expression "Tigers of Asia" is dedicated to the Southeast Asian countries that experienced a period of tremendous and rapid economic growth from 1965 to 1995. The countries in question, called Tigers, are Taiwan, Hong Kong, South Korea, and Singapore. Asian Tigers countries have brought themselves to the position of developing countries with the reforms they have implemented in the economy and education. The Asian Tigers, which found themselves in the top ten of the best economies in international trade, stood out from other Southeast Asian countries with these achievements. It draws a financial and social policy model that supports the country's development, such as technology and export-oriented financial policies, maintaining an import-substitution approach, state-supported economy approaches, training its employees on imported new technology, and switching to knowledge-intensive production.
Asian Tigers member countries can accurately identify the changing consumer needs every period and shape their production activities according to these needs. Like this; With their flexible and adaptable structure, they achieved high success in both domestic and foreign trade in a short time. In this study, foreign trade data (total exports, total imports, export exchange rate, import exchange rate, foreign trade balance) for the period of 2000-2020 were examined by giving information about Asian Tigers countries. In addition, the countries with which these countries have the most foreign trade have been revealed. According to the results obtained from the data, Asian Tigers member countries have achieved a technology and export-oriented growth model. It is seen that these East Asian countries, which have adopted the knowledge-intensive production model with their investments in education, have become developing countries by developing themselves both financially, technologically, and socially. The study results showed that other Asian Tigers member countries are among the top five trade partners with which these countries have the most foreign trade.

Asian Tigers Literature Review
With the study carried out by Montenegro in 2018, it aims to examine the public policies and strategies in Singapore, Taiwan, Hong Kong and South Korea, which are called East Asian Tigers, within the scope of entrepreneurship and to determine the effects of these policies on the development of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The study was analyzed through the data of global entrepreneurship indices. It has been determined that the results obtained from the analysis are of great importance in the progress of the entrepreneurial ecosystem, the facilitating and encouraging role of the state in the Asian Tigers countries. In addition, it has been stated that being integrated with technology networks and state-sponsored policies and incentive supports in the field of entrepreneurship have positive effects on ecosystem entrepreneurship (Karadağ, 2018). In another study, it was investigated how Taiwan became one of the countries producing information technology today. The results are presented to the service of science. The source scanning method was used to reach the data in the research. According to the findings obtained as a result of the research, it has been seen that the government has given significant support to labor-intensive sectors and education services in Taiwan's reaching the position of being an important country producing information technology. In addition, it has been stated that factors such as primitive Taylorism, Fordism, and flexible specialization are effective with the support it provides (Arslan & Ayhan, 2018). Külünk (2018), in his study, examined the economic growth dynamics of East Asian countries Taiwan, Singapore and South Korea and the growth dynamics of the Turkish economy. It aimed to reveal the similarities by comparatively explaining the examples of countries that have successfully realized the technology and export-oriented growth model over the same period. In the study, the economic growth processes of the East Asian countries were examined. The growth processes of these countries are based on their unique break or rise periods, and the variables affecting their economic growth were investigated with panel data analysis. Granger Causality Test was used to determine the effect direction of the variables in the analysis. Taiwan, Singapore, South Korea and Turkey for the period 1996 -2014; As a result of the panel data analysis, it was stated that the dependent variable GDP was explained by 70% of the independent variables R&D expenditures, Trademark applications, Savings and Exports (Külünk, 2018). Kırca's (2021) study examines the relationship between R&D expenditures and per capita income for the Asian Tigers (Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, China) and Turkey. In the study covering the period 1998-2016, the data (1998-2016) were used. The bootstrap panel causality test was used to analyze the relationships between the variables related to the subject examined in the study. Konya developed the test in question in 2006. According to the findings obtained as a result of the research, it is stated that the coefficients of causality relations are positive. It is seen that there is a one-way causality relationship from R&D expenditures to per capita income in Hong Kong and South Korea. In addition, it was stated that there is a one-way causality relationship from income per capita to R&D expenditures in China and Turkey (Kırca et al., 2021).

Foreign Trade Review of Asian Tigers Countries
In this section, the economic development process of Asian Tigers countries will be explained and their situation in foreign trade will be revealed with tables and graphics within the 2000-2020 period data.
When the growth rates of the Asian Tigers countries (Taiwan, Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore) are examined, it is observed that all four countries recorded almost continuous and positive growth until 1995. On the other hand, the great Asian financial crisis in 1996 (which started in the Thai Stock Exchange in July 1997) affected many East Asian countries until the collapse of their currencies and stock markets (Historical Events).) somehow dropped it. However, the Asian Tigers managed to overcome this great crisis very quickly. This situation has caused many economists to refer to the issue as the "Asian Miracle" (Jones, 2007). Factors underlying success include moving the workforce from less productive areas to more productive ones. It is said that Asian tiger countries have achieved this movement since the 1990s (McMillan et al., 2014). The main features of the states in the East Asian region are that they are states with a developmental structure. The main reason behind the success of South Korea and Taiwan is that they have selective industrial policies because they implement an open policy programmed to create thriving export industries (Öniş & Şenses, 2007). Behind the rapid growth success of Asian Tigers countries; High-saving structures, giving importance to infrastructure investments, having determinative effects of governments in the market, and allowing financial flows have been effective (Stiglitz, 1996).
The main factors that lead to the rapid and sustainable economic growth of the Four Asian Tigers can be grouped into four items (Kaplan, 2015: 74): These:  Initial conditions,  Natural resources and geography,  Government policies,  Demographic factors.
The economic policy that affects economic growth has been seen as openness in trade. The Four Tigers were among the world's most open-to-trade countries during the 1965-1990 period.
As an example of the basic policies taken to allow international trade;  Reducing tariffs for both import and export goods,  Reducing trade restrictions,  Removal of barriers to international capital inflows can be granted (Akyıldız, 2021).
Asian Tigers; They have invested heavily in areas such as education and infrastructure to support their country through high-level people such as skilled workers, engineers, and doctors. This policy was generally successful and brought their countries to the level of high-income industrialized developed countries (Taban & Kar, 2006). In the period following the implementation of these policies, Asian Tigers countries experienced a period of rapid growth. It is seen that this period was a period that adopted the modern and western education system. During the Second World War, they were directly or indirectly influenced by the characteristics of the Western education system through colonial countries (Yardımcı, 2006). Asian Tigers countries have made social studies and reforms that increase the welfare level of both the economy and society. Thus, it has been separated from other East Asian countries by showing a continuous and rapid growth.
In the future parts of the study, the member countries of the Asian Tigers are examined in order. First of all, information about Taiwan, one of the Asian Tigers member countries, is given, and detailed information on Taiwan's economy is presented with tables and graphics.

Taiwan
During the Geographical Explorations, European countries opened up to the oceans to find new trade routes. Taiwan was first discovered by the Portuguese and was called "Formosa" (Jacobs, 2014). In 1949, Taipei was declared the capital and the Republic of China was established (Morris, 2004). Taiwan is an island country located in the Pacific Ocean, 160 km off the southeast coast of mainland China (Ankara Chamber of Industry). Taiwan has the distinction of being the first Asian Tiger member state. The country was liberated from Japanese rule in 1945. Until the 1950s, Taiwan had an economy based on agricultural production and exports, with very limited natural resources. In the following process, while agricultural production is being developed, on the other hand, a two-pronged economic policy based on industrialization through import substitution has been planned (Aydın, 2014). Import substitution policies were introduced in the early 1950s. In this case, customs tariffs were increased, quotas were placed on some goods, and these policies were successful in the late 1950s. From the 1960s, incentives began to be given to exporters. The Export Oriented Production Zones (IYÜB), which is unique to Taiwan, constituted the most striking example of the policies of opening up. After the oil crisis, Taiwan started to move from capital-intensive areas to technology-intensive areas since the 1970s. In 1986, the 10year Science and Technology Plan was approved. Thus, the share of R&D expenditures in GNP was increased to 2% in 1995. The share of the private sector in R&D expenditures was also increased by 60% (Yülek, 1998).
Taiwan has extensive trade relations with China and is its largest export market. China occupies a significant place in Taiwan's exports, especially in electronic products. In order to benefit from the cheap costs in China, Taiwanese exporters produce in China and export them to EU countries, Japan, and the USA through re-export. At the beginning of Taiwan's most exported products;  Electronic integrated circuits,  Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals,  Liquid crystal equipment, lasers, other optical devices, and instruments are available.
Most export goods contain imported inputs. For this reason, besides the increase in exports, there was also a significant increase in imports. There has been a steady increase in the imports of raw materials such as petroleum and mineral ores. Taiwan, in the years when the harvest was not productive in agriculture; Imports of basic foods such as soybeans and corn have also increased. The most imported products of Taiwan are as follows;  Electronic integrated circuits,  Crude oil,  Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals (Ankara Chamber of Industry).
Foreign trade data of Taiwan, one of the Asian Tigers countries, for the period 2000-2020; Total exports, total imports, and foreign trade balance are given in Table 1. In addition, Taiwan's export exchange rates and import exchange rates are also given in Table  1.  (Ateş, 2011). There was a contraction in foreign trade in 2010-2016, and growth rates declined in this period. Growth rates declined during this period, but Taiwan's economy recovered in 2018. It is seen that the economy started to decline again in 2019 with the COVID-19 epidemic that loomed throughout the world. In Table 1, a contraction is observed in all of Taiwan's 2019 foreign trade values. In 2020, it is seen that this negative progress has improved. Taiwan's foreign trade data (total exports, total imports, foreign trade balance) for the period 2000-2020 are presented graphically. Graph 1 shows Taiwanese foreign trade for the period 2000-2020. With the economic reform implemented in China from the 1980s to the present, a continuous development and economic growth has been recorded. According to the data in Chart 1, Taiwan's foreign trade was adversely affected in 2008, and the upward progress in foreign trade was replaced by the economic crisis. The 2008 crisis led to a contraction in the export-oriented Taiwanese economy. As of 2010, this negative effect has started to recover. According to Chart 1, the lowest level of foreign trade (export-import) in the 2000-2020 period was around 100 billion dollars in 2001, and the highest level was 350 billion dollars in 2020.
The future section provides information about Hong Kong, one of the Asian Tigers member countries.

Hong Kong
Hong Kong is a Chinese metropolitan area and particular administrative region located in the Pearl River Delta on the South China Sea coast. Officially, it is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. Hong Kong, which industrialized rapidly in the second half of the 20th century, has evolved into a service-oriented economy at the end of the century. The region has one of the largest manufacturing economies in Asia during the second half of the colonial period. However, with the relocation of the manufacturing industry to the mainland of China in the 2000s, the service sector has grown even more. For this reason, the Hong Kong economy is now dominated by the service sector. Currently, more than half of employment is provided by the service sector. Prominent commercial areas are trade, logistics, finance, maritime, tourism and textile sectors. Due to its geographical structure, it is pretty mountainous, and its lands are small, so it is unsuitable for agricultural production and is very poor in terms of raw materials. The country imports most of its food products and raw materials. Except for some unprofitable mines, the only and most important natural resource is the port of Hong Kong, and it is dependent on foreign sources even in terms of water, even though it rains all year (T.R. Ministry of Commerce).
According to 2018 data, Hong Kong ranks eighth in world import and export and seventh in terms of total foreign trade volume. The most important partner of Hong Kong in foreign trade is the People's Republic of China, and China meets more than half of the foreign trade. Other prominent countries in this sense are the USA, Japan, South Korea, and Singapore (Department

Total Export
Total Import Foreign Trade Balance of Statistics Singapore) The prominent countries in Hong Kong's exports are China, the USA, India, Japan, and Thailand. In terms of imports, the main countries are China, Taiwan, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, and the USA (Trademap). The products that Hong Kong exports the most.
 Electronics, machine spare parts, nuclear components,  Pearls and precious stones,  Optical materials,  Plastic products and watches.
The prominent products in the import are  Electronic products,  Mineral oils and fuels,  Cosmetics,  Food products (Trademap).
Hong Kong's 2000-2020 foreign trade data is given in the table below. According to Table 2, there was a decrease in both exports (191.066) and imports (202.008) in the Hong Kong economy, which was adversely affected, although not much, by the 2001 crisis. It is observed that the exchange rates of imports and exports have decreased to negatives. This situation did not last long, and it recovered in a short time, and as of 2002, there was a continuous increase in exports and imports until 2008. The export rate of Hong Kong, which was also affected by the 2008 global financial crisis, decreased from 370 billion dollars to 329 billion dollars in 2009, and its import rate decreased from 392 billion dollars to 352 billion dollars. Thanks to its strong economy, Hong Kong has a structure that can easily overcome crises. Based on the data in Table  2, it is possible to say that the negative effects of the COVID-19 epidemic period, which swept the whole world in 2019 and negatively affected the economy, recovered rapidly as of 2020. Hong Kong foreign trade data with total export, the total import, and foreign trade balance values are presented in Chart 2. When we look at the global crisis periods, it is seen that there is a decrease in the total export and total import values. The level of imports and exports, which reached 400 billion dollars before the 2008 crisis, decreased to 370 billion dollars after the crisis. There were contractions in foreign trade in 2009. As of the end of 2009, Hong Kong's foreign trade has seen a continuous and rapid increase. Imports and exports reached the level of 600 billion dollars. In the next section, information about South Korea, one of the Asian Tigers member countries, is given.

South Korea
The Paris Peace Conference was signed in 1945. With Truman's suggestion, weak countries were given the right to determine their own future. With this decision, South Korea declared its independence like many other countries (Sung, 1992).
The Korean War, which lasted between 1950 and 1953, had a very negative impact on the country and made South Korea one of the poorest countries in the world. With the support of the United States of America, it improved its economy in the 1953-1961 period. The main economic policy of South Korea has been to maintain an import substitution approach and to focus on education investments (Çakmak, 2016). The South Korean Government started the tax reform by liberalizing the price controls and some restrictions on imports in the 1980-1982 period. Due to the decrease in investments in 1981 in the country where tight monetary and fiscal policy was implemented, this tight monetary policy was relaxed. The South Korean government continued to borrow externally to finance imports and investments during the 1980-1982 period. Despite this, it achieved high growth rates in the 1983-1984 period. This has led to an increase in domestic savings. Thus, it also reduced the need for external debt (Colins, 1990).
Another factor in South Korea's rapid recovery is the favorable external conditions for the country. This is due to the appreciation of the Japanese currency yen in late 1998. Many of the Japanese and South Korean goods are competitors in the market. In this case, external conditions

Total Export
Total Import Foreign Trade Balance gave South Korea an advantage. In addition, thanks to the intense demand of the USA and Western Europe for electronic products, there was a great increase in production in South Korea. The results of this situation had a positive impact on the South Korean economy (Öz, 2008). South Korea, one of the Asian tiger countries, has an economy that provides growth by entering export markets with a good performance. It is one of the East Asian countries where the living standards of the population rise to high levels. Asian tiger countries have successfully taken part in the global economy. In particular, one of the most important factors affecting the development of South Korea is the change in the supported sectors in each period. They always produce in a way that responds to the needs of consumers shaped according to the conditions of the time. Their understanding of the importance of this brought success (Arıcıoğlu, 2012).
By 2000, the rapid increase in oil prices negatively affected South Korea, which met more than half of its energy needs through imports, due to the deterioration in terms of trade (OECD, 2001). In 2002, South Korea implemented a comprehensive restructuring program for its economy. With the program implemented, the economy's direction was saved from the decline and turned to the direction of growth again. South Korea foreign trade data in Table 3 below; presented under the headings of total exports, export exchange rate, total imports, import exchange rate, and foreign trade balance. According to Table 3  South Korea's foreign trade data showed a steady rise until the 2008 global financial crisis. As of 2008, the rapid increase in oil prices decreased to 360 billion dollars in total exports, which exceeded 400 billion dollars, and total imports to 320 billion dollars. South Korea, which recovered from the effects of the crisis in a short time, started to rise again at the end of 2009. According to Graph 3, it has realized an import and export amount exceeding 500 billion dollars in 2010. South Korea corrected the negative effects of the crisis in a short time with successful industrial policies.

Singapore
Singapore is a city-island state with an area of 724.2 square kilometers and 63 small islands attached to it (Ankara Chamber of Industry, 2019). Singapore, is a very limited country in terms of agricultural areas. The country does not have any mineral resources. It uses imported inputs to meet the energy it needs. It supplies its water needs from Malaysia and through water purification. 76% of Singapore's population is of Chinese descent. It gained the status of a fully independent state in 1965. Singapore education system is shown as the best education system in the world according to OECD (Schleiche, 2018).
In the 1970s, Singapore trade, which was characterized by the export of small volumes of tropical products, made its economic development dependent on multinational foreign capital investments. After 1970, the state wanted to ensure the continuity of investments that contributed to industrial development. To this end, he made remedial arrangements in the fields of economy and education. With these regulations, Singapore's production structure has evolved from its low-tech and labor-intensive nature to a production structure that requires medium and high technology. Particular attention was paid to learning the imported technology with the arrangements made in the education policy. The learned knowledge has greatly contributed to the knowledge-intensive realization of production (Osman-Gani, 2004). As of 2018, the share of foreign direct investment in GDP has reached 28.3% (Department of Statistics Singapore). In Singapore, the government has a pro-business policy. It is a small but wealthy country with an open and trade-oriented economy. It is seen as an important financial, transportation and trade center of the Asia-Pacific Region (T.R. Ministry of Commerce) Structuring Singapore economically; It has become an important port and free trade center worldwide. It has become a global transit trade center with the effect of being one of the world's leading petro-chemistry and electronics manufacturers and quickly adapting to developing trade conditions. Singapore's economy; In industrial production, 73.6% services and 26.4% is industry sector;  Electronics (26.3%),  Chemicals (10.2%),  Biomedical (22.2%),  Precision engineering (14%),  Transportation engineering (16.1%),  General manufacturing industries (11.2%) sectors come to the fore (T.R. Ministry of Commerce) Major Product Groups in Singapore's Export-2019 (Billion Dollars):  Electrical machinery and devices Machinery,  Mechanical devices and tools,  Mineral fuels, oils,  Optics, photography, measurement, medical instruments, and devices,  Jewellery,  Plastics and their products,  Organic chemicals,  Essential oils and cosmetics,  Pharmaceutical products Aircraft.
Singapore's Major Export Partners are China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Indonesia, the USA, Japan, South Korea, Thailand, Australia, India.
Singapore's main Import Partners are China, Malaysia, the USA, Japan, Indonesia, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, France.
In Table 4 below, Singapore's foreign trade data for the period 2000-2020; presented under the headings of total exports, export exchange rate, total imports, import exchange rate, and foreign trade balance. When we examine Table 4, it is seen that while the export data of Singapore's foreign trade was 137 billion dollars in the previous year, it decreased to 121 billion dollars in 2001. The foreign trade volume of Singapore, which experienced a similar decrease in its imports, changed from 3,259 in 2000 to 5,751 in 2001. The Singapore economy, which was adversely affected by the global financial crisis in 2008, decreased from 338 billion dollars in foreign trade to 269 billion dollars in 2009. Singapore's foreign trade, which also observed a decrease in 2015, decreased from 415 billion dollars to 351 billion dollars, and this process continued until 2018. According to the information conveyed in Graph 4, the 2000-2020 foreign trade data of Singapore (total exports, total imports, and foreign trade balance), upward progress is observed in total imports and total exports, except for some global financial crisis periods (2001, 2009 and 2015). Singapore has a strong economy. Although the country is going through periods of great crisis, it is easily recovering its economies.
In the 2000-2020 period, the lowest level in foreign trade was seen in exports with 121 billion dollars in 2001 and imports with 116 billion dollars. The highest level in foreign trade was experienced in exports with 415 billion dollars and imports with 377 billion dollars in 2014.
In the future parts of the study, detailed information about the foreign trade of Asian Tigers countries and data in tabular form will be presented.

Country Groups with which Asian Tigers Countries Foreign Trade
In this section, the foreign trade data of Taiwan, Hong Kong, South Korea and Singapore, which are called Asian Tigers and which are East Asian countries, are examined. The countries with which each country has the most foreign trade and the numerical data reached are presented. Detailed foreign trade data based on countries are given in tables in the following sections of the study.

Countries with which Taiwan has Foreign Trade
The countries with which Taiwan, one of the Asian Tigers member countrie, had the most foreign trade in the 2000-2020 period were investigated. The 2000-2020 period was analyzed in ten-year periods based on 2001, 2010, and 2019. The countries with which foreign trade is made are presented in the form of a table. When the country groups with which Taiwan, one of the Asian Tigers countries, do the most trade-in foreign trade, are analyzed over the years 2001, 2010, and 2019, the data in the table below has been reached. In 2010, the USA became the third country from which Taiwan made the most imports, and Saudi Arabia ranks fifth in terms of oil imports. The ranking of the top five countries from which Taiwan imports has changed according to the periods. In addition, an increase was observed in the amount of imports in each period. In Taiwan's exports, China ranked first in all three periods. Other countries are the USA, Hong Kong, Japan, and Singapore. In addition, according to Table  5, Taiwan's export rate has increased in every period.

Countries with which Hong Kong has Foreign Trade
The countries with which Hong Kong, one of the Asian Tigers member countries, have the most foreign trade, were examined in three periods by looking at the data of 2001, 2010, and 2019. Obtained foreign trade data are presented in a table. When the country groups with which Hong Kong has the most foreign trade are analyzed over the years 2001, 2010, and 2019, the data in the table below has been reached. Looking at the foreign trade data of Hong Kong in Table 6, it is seen that China ranks first among the importing countries in all periods (2001, 2010, and 2019). Looking at the country groups it exports to, it is seen that Hong Kong exports mostly to China, followed by the USA and Japan.

Countries with which South Korea has Foreign Trade
The countries with which South Korea, which is one of the East Asian countries and one of the Asian Tigers member countries, have the most foreign trade, have been examined in three periods based on 2001, 2010, and 2019. The countries with which South Korea has the most foreign trade are presented with the help of a table below. According to Table 7, where the foreign trade information of South Korea is given; It has been determined that the top five countries in South Korea's imports in 2001, 2010, and 2019 are China, the USA, Japan, Germany, and Vietnam, respectively. It has been observed that the rankings with these countries have not changed over time. In addition, the amount of imports made in each period (Billion Dollars) has increased with the countries from which imports are made. According to Table 7, the countries to which South Korea exports the most are; Indonesia in 2001, Mexico in 2010, and China in 2019. The top five exporting countries differed in each period. In the 2001 export data of South Korea, while Turkey was the fourth country to which it exports the most, it was not in the top five in the following periods.

Countries with which Singapore has Foreign Trade
The countries with which Singapore, which is the last of the Asian Tigers member countries, have the most foreign trade have been researched. The import and export data of the countries subject to foreign trade in the form of ten-year periods over the years 2001, 2010, and 2019 were examined separately. Countries with which foreign trade is made are given in the table below. According to Table 8, it is seen that while Singapore's top import and export country was Malaysia in 2001 and 2010, it was replaced by China in the next period (2019). Like other Asian Tigers countries, Singapore also has the most foreign trade with China, Malaysia, the USA, and Indonesia. It can be deduced from Table 8 that Singapore's foreign trade volume in each period has increased compared to the previous period.

Conclusion
2000-2020 foreign trade review of Asian Tigers member countries was conducted. During this period, Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan experienced a significant decrease in foreign trade in 2009. It is seen that Korea experienced a lesser decline compared to other countries. In 2010, it is observed that all the countries examined recovered quickly from the adverse effects of the crisis. In 2019, global trade was interrupted by the COVID-19 epidemic that started worldwide. As of 2019, Asian Tigers economies, like all world economies, have been exposed to the negative effects of this epidemic. Based on the foreign trade data of the Tigers, it can be said that Taiwan and Hong Kong quickly recovered their foreign trade and managed to dissipate the current adverse effect in 2020. On the other hand, the negative effects of the epidemic continued in the foreign trade of South Korea and Singapore in 2020. Asian Tigers have come to the fore among East Asian countries thanks to the financial and social policy models implemented by their member countries. In reaching this level;  Import substitution economic policy monitoring,  Giving importance to technological infrastructure investments  Adopting the knowledge-intensive production method has been effective.
Asian Tigers are among the countries with the highest foreign trade volume. These countries have kept their trade with each other alive in every period.
For future studies, studies can be conducted to examine which product groups Asian Tigers do their foreign trade with the most. A comprehensive resource can be created for the literature by researching the place of Asian Tigers in the world economy.