UTICAJ DOMINANTNE LATERALIZOVANOSTI EKSTREMITETA I ČULA NA DISKALKULIJU
Sažetak
Uvod: Lateralizovanost obeležava ekstremitete i čula jedne strane tela koji su vezani aferentnim i eferentnim putevima sa primarnim motornim i senzornim poljima suprotne hemisfere. Lateralizovanost se može posmatrati na nivou gornjih ekstremiteta, na nivou vida, sluha i na nivou donjih ekstremiteta.
Cilj: cilj naše studije je bio utvrditi povezanost lateralizovanosti čula i ekstremiteta sa pojavom diskalkulije među učenicima osnovnoškolskog uzrasta.
Materijal i metode: U nažoj studiji je učestvovalo 140 učenika petog razreda svih Osnovnih škola u Kragujevcu. Za utvrđivanje dominantne lateralizovanosti čula i ekstremiteta koristili smo upitnike za procenu dominantne lateralizovanosti.
Rezultati: Dobijeni rezultati jasno pokazuju sledeće: Upotrebna lateralizovanost gornjih ekstremiteta ne utiče na pojavu diskalkulije (p = 1,000). Gestualna lateralizovanost gornjih ekstremiteta ne utiče na pojavu diskalkulije (p = 0,864). Lateralizovanost donjih ekstremiteta ne utiče na pojavu diskalkulije (p = 0,733). Lateralizovanost vida ne utiče na pojavu diskalkulije (p = 0,121). Lateralizovanost sluha ne utiče na pojavu diskalkulije (p =0,602). Dislateralizovanost u bilo kom segmentu, ne utiče na postignuća na ukupnom matematičkom testu (p = 0,189).
Zaključak: Svaku primećenu dislateralizovanost kod učenika sa smetnjama u učenju treba timski obraditi. Vežbe iz programa reedukacije psihomotorike koje se odnose na usmeravanje, uvežbavanje ili stabilizovanje lateralizovanosti, kod ovih učenika značajno utiču na smanjenje problema u učenju, a posebno, probelma sa računanjem.
Ključne reči: dislateralizovanost, dominantna lateralizovanost, diskalkulija.
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