BRZA IDENTIFIKACIJA UZROČNIKA INFEKCIJA RESPIRATORNOG TRAKTA TOKOM COVID-19 PANDEMIJE MULTIPLEX-PCR METODOM
Sažetak
Cilj: Većina respiratornih infekcija je praćena sličnim simptomima, pa je klinički teško odrediti njihovu etiologiju. Cilj ovog rada je da prikaže značaj molekularne dijagnostike u identifikaciji uzročnika respiratornih infekcija, posebno tokom COVID-19 (engl. coronavirus disease 2019) pandemije.
Metode: U periodu od 1. januara do 1. avgusta 2022. godine je automatizovanim multiplex-PCR (engl. polymerase chain reaction) testovima pregledano 849 uzoraka poreklom od pacijenata hospitalizovanih u Univerzitetskom kliničkom centru Kragujevac. Za 742 nazofaringealna brisa je korišćen test BioFire-Respiratory Panel 2.1. plus (RP2.1 plus) [identifikacija 19 virusa (uključujući i SARS-CoV-2) i četiri bakterije] a za 107 trahealnih aspirata je korišćen BioFire-Pneumonia Panel [identifikacija 18 bakterija i devet virusa] (BioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France). Testovi su izvedeni po uputstvu proizvođača a rezultat je bio dostupan za sat vremena.
Rezultati: RP2.1 plus testom je iz 582 (78,4%) uzorka identifikovan bar jedan patogen. Najzastupljeniji su bili rhinovirus (20,6%), SARS-CoV-2 (17,7%), influenza A (17,5%), respiratory syncytial virus (12,4%) i parainfluenza 3 (10,1%). Ostali virusi su ređe identifikovani a u jednom uzorku je nađena bakterija Bordetella parapertussis. BioFire-Pneumonia Panel testom je iz 85 (79,4%) uzoraka detektovana najmanje jedna bakterija ili virus. Najčešće bakterije su bile Staphylococcus aureus (42,4%), Haemophilus influenzae (41,2%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (36,5%), Moraxella catarrhalis (22,3%) i Legionella pneumophila (2,4%), dok su od virusa identifikovani rhinovirus (36,5%), adenovirus (23,5%), influenza A (11,8%) kao i rod Coronavirus (4,7%).
Zaključak: Multiplex-PCR testovi su doprineli pravovremenoj primeni terapijskih i epidemioloških mera, naročito pri sprečavanju širenja COVID-19 infekcije i suzbijanju legionarske bolesti.
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