Medicinski časopis

PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL LANGUAGE DISORDER

Mira Jovanovska, Vesna Lazarovska, Mirna Zelić — Mon, 17 Nov 2025 09:46:03 +0100

ABSTRACT

Objectives. To determine the level of development of phonological awareness in children with developmental language disorder at the age of four to six years compared to children with typical language development.

Methods. Ninety children aged 4 to 6, of both genders, divided into three groups, participated in the study. The Phonological Awareness Test was applied. The study was conducted during January and February 2024.

Results. The analysis of the results showed that phonological awareness deficit was not more frequently manifested in children with developmental language disorder compared to children of typical development, as well as that there was no statistically significant difference in the manifestation of phonological awareness deficit in children with developmental language disorder in relation to gender, in terms that these problems are more frequently found in boys.

Key words: developmental language disorder, phonological awareness, typical language development

FORENSIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS - А SECULAR TREND STUDY

Ivan Petrović, Stevan Barać, Filip, Ksenija Bošnjaković — Thu, 27 Nov 2025 12:56:41 +0100

Objective: Оbjective of work is to determine the forensic characteristics of road traffic accidents in territory of Raška District for period from 2009 to 2024.

Material and methodology: Observational, cross-sectional epidemiological study, in which a retrospective analysis of the characteristics of traffic accidents in Raška District of Republic of Serbia over past sixteen years was performed.

Results: Total number of road traffic accidents in observed period was 18.092. The research analyzed data from 2.129 road traffic accident participants who had a positive blood alcohol concentration. Largest number of road traffic accidents occurred in city of Kraljevo, outside of a populated area. Largest percentage of participants were motor vehicle drivers (88.54%), male (93.2%), with an average age of around 40 years. Seasonal relationship was observed in occurrence of road traffic accidents (August, September), as well as a higher incidence on weekends. Participants who were in the stage of heavy drinking more often suffered serious bodily injury, while participants who were in a state of intoxication and light drinking more often suffered minor bodily injury.

Conclusion: Road traffic accidents in the Raška District are the result of a combination of several factors, including driving under the influence of alcohol, traffic infrastructure, high population density in certain cities and specific characteristics of Ibar Highway.

SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES OF LAPAROSCOPIC COLORECTAL RESECTIONS FOR CANCER: A FIVE-YEAR SINGLE-CENTRE EXPERIENCE FROM SERBIA

Sun, 21 Dec 2025 21:19:54 +0100

Objective: To evaluate the short-term outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal resections for colorectal cancer in a single Serbian tertiary centre.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study included 97 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic colorectal resections between January 2018 and March 2023. Demographic, perioperative, and oncologic data were analyzed. Primary outcomes were 30-day morbidity and mortality; secondary outcomes included operative time, conversion, re-intervention, length of stay, and lymph-node yield. Logistic regression identified independent predictors of complications.

Results: The cohort comprised 59 men (60.8%) and 38 women (39.2%), with a median age of 71 years. Conversion to open surgery occurred in 6 patients (6.1%), while re-intervention was required in 3 (3.1%). The median operative time was 120 minutes for colonic and 175 minutes for rectal resections. Median lymph-node yield was 15, with all achieving R0 resection. The overall 30-day morbidity rate was 17.5%, with no perioperative deaths. General complications occurred in 12.4% and surgery-specific complications in 11.3%, with partial overlap. Median length of stay was 9 days, significantly longer in men and diabetic patients. Logistic regression confirmed cardiomyopathy as an independent predictor of postoperative complications (OR 7.5, p = 0.008).

Conclusion: Laparoscopic colorectal resections in this series were associated with acceptable morbidity, no mortality, low conversion, and adequate oncologic quality. Cardiomyopathy was identified as a major perioperative risk factor, highlighting the need for tailored perioperative management.

THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN GENERAL PRACTICE - CHALLENGES AND POTENTIAL RISKS

Suncica Stankov — Thu, 05 Jun 2025 22:46:20 +0200

Artificial intelligence has a significant role in the field of primary health care and its application is becoming more common. Artificial intelligence helps doctors of general medicine on several levels, in high-quality diagnosis and therapy planning, and by processing a large amount of data, in providing more time for the implementation of sophisticated tasks. Despite its many advantages, it is believed that artificial intelligence can negatively affect the doctor-patient relationship. Artificial intelligence in general medicine represents a significant component in the further development of personalized medicine, individual approaches to treatment and quality health care for patients.

ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS CAUSED BY GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGIITIS - A RARE CASE

Thu, 05 Jun 2025 22:48:05 +0200

The most commonly affected organs in Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) include kidneys and lungs, while presentation in other organ systems is rare. [1, 2, 3]. We hereby present a case of vasculitic changes in the gallbladder, as the initial manifestation of GPA. A 65-year-old woman presented with fever and generalized weakness and was admitted to hospital. Upon admission, physical examination revealed signs of dehydration, mild hypotension and tachycardia. There was no palpable tenderness in the abdomen, and Murphy’s sign was negative. Initial work-up revealed normocytic anemia, elevated markers of inflammation. Urinalysis revealed protein and red blood cells. Blood and urine cultures were negative, and no signs of inflammation were identified on radiographic imaging. Due to persisting fever and unresolved inflammatory process despite the usage of parenteral antibiotic treatment, a computed tomography (CT) was also performed and revealed calculous cholecystitis necessitating laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Histopathology of the resected gallbladder showed small-vessel vasculitis. Laboratory tests revealed positive proteinase-3-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (PR3-ANCA) with an onset of renal dysfunction. These results supported a diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and the patient was started with glucocorticoids and intravenous cyclophosphamide. After this treatment, the patient’s general condition stabilized, creatinine and C-reactive protein levels decreased, and anemia resolved as well. This case highlights the importance of considering vasculitis in patients with unexplained persistent fever and systemic symptoms, especially when common causes have been excluded.