Karakteristike neverbalne komunikacije u interakciji lekara i pacijenta
Sažetak
Cilj. U zdravstvu je proteklih decenija veliki značaj dat dobrim interpersonalnim i komunikacionim veštinama kao jednim od ključnih osobina zdravstvenih radnika. Brojna istraživanja empirijskog karaktera su pratila uticaj koji interpersonalna komunikacija ima na ponašanje pacijanta, ishod lečenja i zadovoljstvo uslugom. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se prikaže zdravstvena komunikacija kroz kratak osvrt na istraživanja usmerena na neverbalnu komunikaciju u interakciji između lekara, kao zdravstvenog radnika i pacijenta, kao korisnika zdravstvenih usluga.
Metod. Na osnovu uvida u dostupnu literaturu dat je pregled istraživanja usmerenih na neverbalnu komunikaciju u interakciji između lekara i pacijenta. Karakteristike neverbalnog ponašanja u interakciji, kao profesionalnom kontaktu između lekara i pacijenta, sagledane su sa aspekta zdravstvene komunikacije.
Rezultati. Rezultati su potvrdili da je interpersonalna komunikacija lekara i pacijenta složena, dinamična i pod višestrukim uticajem čitavog spektra različitih faktora. Veštine neverbalne komunikacije lekara su povezane sa mnoštvom pozitivnih rezultata ishoda, kao što su zadovoljstvo pacijenta i lekara, viši nivoi pridržavanja terapijskih preporuka, poboljšani fiziološki pokazatelji i kontrola bolesti, poboljšanje fizičkog i mentalnog zdravlja i funkcionalnog statusa.
Zaključak. Razumevanjem interpersonalne komunikacije u okviru dijade lekar–pacijent stvara se dobra osnova za unapređenje efektivnosti i podizanje kvaliteta zdravstvenih usluga.
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