Procena informisanosti i zdravstvenih navika pacijenata obolelih od dijabetes melitusa
Sažetak
Cilj rada: Šećerna bolest (Diabetes mellitus) je hronična bolest kod koje organizam ili ne proizvodi ili neadekvatno koristi hormon pankreasa, insulin. Zdravstveno vaspitni rad saovom populacijom pacijenata, važan je aspekt lečenja i zdravstvene nege, ima za cilj menjanje štetnog zdravstvenog ponašanja i sprečavanje komplikacija. Cilj istraživanja je ispitati informisanost i zdravstvene navike pacijenata obolelih od dijabetes melitusa, utvrditi prisustvo faktora koji mogu uticati na pogoršanje stanja i dovesti do komplikacija bolesti.
Metode: Istraživanje je sprovedeno po tipu studije preseka. Za prikupljanje podataka korišćen je upitnik za obolele od dijabetes melitusa koji su autori konstruisali za ovo istraživanje.Istraživanje je sprovedenou populaciji obolelih od šećerne bolesti, u vremenskom period jun-avgust 2018. Godinevu opštoj bolnici u Valjevu.Uzorak je bio sastavljen od 110 ispitanika.
Rezultati: U posmatranom uzorku skoro 2/3 (63%) ispitanika ima prekomernu telesnu težinu, a skoro3/4 (74%) ispitanika redovno kontroliše vrednosti šećera u krvi. Više od 1/2 ( 56%) je edukovano za samokontrolu glikemije, 70% je informisano o znacima hiperglikemije, 87% znacima hipoglikemije. Više od 1/3 ispitanika je isključivo na insulinskoj terapiji, 87% se pridržava terapijskog režima, kod 87% ispitanika je obučeno za samoplikaciju insulina. Na kontrole redovno odlazi 90% ispitanika, a 97% smatra da su informacije koje dobija od zdravstvenih radnika korisne.
Zaključak: Zdravstveni radnici svih profila, pre svega lekari i medicinske sestre, treba kontinuirano da sprovode zdravstveno vaspitni rad sa osobama obolelim od šećerne bolesti.Najveći broj pacijenata u posmatranom uzorku je informisan o svojoj bolesti i higijensko dijetetskom režimu. Kako bi rezultati postali još više ohrabrujući, potrebno je intenzivirati zdravstveno vaspitni rad na svim nivoima zdravstvene zaštite.
Ključne reči: Šećerna bolest, zdravstvene navike, insulin.
Reference
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