FLAVONOIDI I NJIHOVA ANTIOKSIDATIVNA, ANTIMIKROBNA I ANTITUMORNA SVOJSTVA I KAPACITET
FLAVONOIDI - NJIHOVA SVOJSTVA I KAPACITET
Sažetak
Cilj rad je da se kroz pregled dostupnih publikovanih radova analiziraju rezultati istaživanja i prikažu opšte karakteristike flavonoida, uključujući njihov biosintetski put i osobenosti sekundardnog metabolizma. Takođe, rad prati i antioksidativna, antimikrobna i antitumorna svojstva i kapacitet flavonoida.
Flavonoidi uključujuću flavone, izoflavone i antocijanidine i formiraju se putem kondenzacije fenilpropanoida učešćem tri molekula malonil koenzima A. Sinteza flavonoida počinje od fenilalanina, pomoću enzima fenilalalnin amonijum liaze (PAL) koja katalizuje oslobadjanje fenilalanina, uz nastanak cimetne kiseline i izdvajanja amonijaka. Različitim eksperimentalnim studijama je dokazano da je fenilalanin prekursor velikog produkata sekundardnog metabolizma fenolnih jedinjenja. Stručna literatura ističe da o-dihidroksilacija B-prstena doprinosi antioksidativnoj aktivnosti flavonoida, dok antimikrobna svojstva određuje prisustvo
(+)-katehina i kvercetina protiv gram-pozitivnih i gram-negativnih bakterija. Kad je reč o antitumorskim svojstvima uticaj ima antioksidativna aktivnost, regulacija proteina p53, inhibicija aktivnosti protein kinaza i apoptoza.
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