Psihometrijske karakteristike Skale očekivanja promene u vezi sa psihološkim problemom (PPCES)
Sažetak
Skala očekivanja promene psiholoških problema PPCES je instrument namenjen proceni klijentovih očekivanja ishoda psihološkog tretmana i baziran je na Skali očekivanja promene anksioznosti (ACES; Dozois & Westra, 2005). Očekivanje promene u vezi sa psihološkim problemom podrazumeva sistem klijentovih uverenja o posledicama toga što je uključen u neki oblik psihološkog tretmana, odnosno očekivanje poboljšanja stanja podstaknuto učešćem na psihološkom tretmanu. Cilj ovog rada bila je provera osnovnih mernih karakteristika adaptacije skale ACES na srpski jezik, koja je podrazumevala prevod stavki na srpski jezik i promenu sadržaja stavki sa ciljem da generalno referišu na psihološki problem zbog kojeg se osoba javila na psihološki tretman. Istraživanje je objedinilo dve studije. U Studiji 1, na uzorku od 171 ispitanika, odnosno klijenta na početku psihološkog tretmana, proverena je interna konzistencija i latentna struktura skale eksplorativnom faktorskom analizom. U Studiji 2 na uzorku od 240 studenata, odnosno učesnika u analognoj studiji, je proverena konstrukt validnost skale metodama konfirmativne faktorske analize. Eksplorativna faktorska analiza je svojim rezulatatima sugerisala visoku heterogenost instrumenta. Konfirmativna faktorska analiza je nakon nemogućnosti replikacije originalnog pretpostavljenog modela instrumenta, sugerisala moguće skraćenje sa početnih dvadeset na jedanaest stavki organizovanih u bifaktorski model - specifične faktore optimizam i pesimizam povodom promene, te generalni faktor - očekivanje ishoda tretmana. Adekvatnim korelacijama ukupnog skora instrumenta sa merama dispozicionog optimizma, self-efikasnosti i konkurentnom merom očekivanja ishoda tretmana, te adekvatnim korelacijama s merama blagostanja, potvrđena je konvergentna validnost skale. Zaključuje se da je PPCES pouzdan i validan instrument za procenu očekivanja ishoda tretmana, ali je strukturalno homogeniji u formi od 11 stavki u poređenju sa inicijalnom strukturom. Zbog specifičnosti uzoraka iz obe studije, budućim istraživanjima se sugeriše dodatna provera strukturalne i prediktivne validnosti skale PPCES, naročito na kliničkoj populaciji i homogenijim psihoterapijskim uzorcima.
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