Istraživanje razvoja etničkog identiteta kroz pripovedanje: konceptualni i metodološki potencijal narativnog pristupa
Sažetak
Ovim preglednim radom kritički se preispituje tradicionalni kvantitativni pristup istraživanju etničkog identiteta i predstavljaju argumenti za korišćenje alternativne narativne metodologije. Oslanjajući se na model statusa Finijeve kao polazne tačke, predlažemo prelazak ka sveobuhvatnijoj narativnoj perspektivi radi ispitivanja razvoja etničkog identiteta. Uprkos svojim doprinosima, istraživanja zasnovana na upitnicima ograničena su u pogledu objašnjavanja nijansiranog procesa razvoja i kontekstualnih uticaja na promene identiteta, naročito kada je reč o etničkoj eksploraciji. Prihvatanje etničkih odrednica oblikuje odnose adolescenata s drugima, njihova iskustva, akcije i raspoložive resurse, što podrazumeva konstrukciju narativa o značenju pripadnosti određenoj grupi. Narativnim pristupom ispituje se subjektivni značaj etničkih iskustava, prikazujući identitete kao dinamične. Koncept naglih prelaza se preispituje, dok se rasvetljavaju postepenost i složenost promena etničkog identiteta. Narativi nude jedinstvenu perspektivu za razumevanje sadržaja etničkog identiteta, otkrivajući stavove, verovanja i ponašanja unutar određene kulture koja ostaju nedostupna kada se procenjuju putem instrumenata koji koriste skale procene. Prikazane su studije koje uključuju narativnu metodologiju u području razvoja etničkog identiteta i kritički je procenjena njena primena. Pored prepoznavanja transformativnog potencijala narativne prakse, u radu se uzimaju u obzir njena ograničenja, uključujući vremenske i zahteve u pogledu resursa, neophodne obuke istraživača i složenosti obrade rezultata. Dakle, u radu se predlaže eksplorisanje novih pravaca u istraživanju razvoja etničkog identiteta, uz isticanje potencijalne koristi uključivanja kvalitativnih metoda, posebno narativa. Ovaj alternativni pristup mogao bi igrati značajnu ulogu u produbljivanju razumevanja etničkog identiteta u savremenim kontekstima.
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