ORAL HEALTH OF 20 TO 64 YEARS OLD MILITARY INSUREES MEASURED BY DMFT INDEX: A PILOT STUDY
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the oral health status, as well as influence of general and local factors that may affect the level of oral health.
Patients and methods: We have done a prospective cross-sectional pilot study (observational type) with 52 examinees (32 men and 20 women), mean age 40.4±12.7 years. We analyzed all categories of military insurees between 20 and 64 years of age. They were divided into three age groups: 20-34, 35-44 and 45-64 years. The study was conducted in the Department of Military Health Care, Pancevo, Serbia.
Results: There were 25 examinees (48.1%) between 20 and 34 years of age. Majority of the examinees used simple sugars (90.4%) and fizzy drinks (63.5%) in their diet at least once a week. Majority of the examinees did not use mouthwashes (76.9%), interproximal brushes (86.5%) or dental floss (73.1%). Examinees who did not use dental floss, had significantly higher decayed, missing and filled teeth index (DMFT index) (U=130; p=0.05). About half of the examinees experienced bleeding from gums during tooth brushing (24; 46.2%). Majority of the examinees had bad teeth brushing technique (82.7%). The average value of DMFT index in all examinees was 15.69±4.80, and there was no significant difference between the age groups (F=1.945; p=0.154). However, there were significant differences between the age groups in missing teeth (F=9.700; p=0.000). The highest average value of missing teeth was in the group of 35-44 years olds (6.56±3.88).
Conclusions: Although there was high level of awareness among the examinees about the influence of oral health to general health, majority of them had high value of the DMFT index.References
Bego K, Njemirovskij V, Pelivan I. Epidemiological research on oral health in central Dalmatia: A pilot study. Acta Stomatol Croat 2007; 41(4): 337-44.
Paulander J, Axelsson P, Lindhe J. Association between level of education and oral health status in 35-, 50-, 65- and 75-year olds. J Clin Periodontol 2003; 30(8): 697-704.
Cruz GD, Shore R, le Geros RZ, Tavares M. Effect of acculturation on objective measures of oral health in Haitian immigrants in New York City. J Dent Res 2004; 83(2):180-4.
Stojanović N, Krunić J. Prevalenca karijesa u studenata u medicine i stomatologije u Opštini Foča. Stomatološki glasnik Srbije 2007; 54(2): 89-96.
Bowen WH. Nature of plaque. Oral Sci Rev 1976; 9: 3-21.
Tinanoff N. Dental caries risk assessment and prevention. Dent Clin North Am 1995; 39(4): 709-19.
Lang NP, Cumming BR, Löe H. Toothbrushing frequency as it relates to plaque development and gingival health. J Periodontol 1973; 44(7): 396-405.
Bowden GH. Controlled environment model for accumulation of biofilms of oral bacteria. Methods Enzymol 1999; 310: 216-24.
Axelsson P, Lindhe J. Efficacy of mouth rinses in inhibiting dental plaque and gingivitis in man. J Clin Periodontol 1987; 14: 205-12.
Lang WP, Ronis DL, Farghaly MM. Preventive behaviors as correlates of periodontal health status. J Public Health Dent 1995; 55(1): 10-7.
Touger-Decer R, Mobley CC, American Dietetic Association. Position of the American Dietetic Association: Oral health and nutrition. J Am Diet Assoc 2003; 103(5): 615-25.
Touger-Decer R, van Loveren C. Sugars and dental caries. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 78(4): 881-92.
World Health Organization. Oral Health Surveys. Basic Methods. 4th ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1997.
Papas A, Joshi A, Giunta J. Prevalence and intraoral distribution of coronal and root caries in middle-aged and older adults. Caries Res 1992; 26(6): 459-65.
Madléna M, Hermann P, Jáhn M, Fejérdy P. Caries prevalence and tooth loss in Hungarian adult population: results of a national survey. BMC Public Health 2008; 8: 364.
American Dental Association. Brushing your teeth (Cleaning Your Teeth & Gums). (Посећено у мају 2012. на http://www.ada.org/5624.aspx?currentTab=1).
Madléna M, Hermann P, Tollas O, Gerle J, Fejérdy P. Oral hygienic, nutritional habits and dental surgeon attendance of Hungarian adult population. Fogorv Sz 2007; 100(3): 91-7.
Kalsbeek H, Poorterman JHG, Verrips GH, Eikmann MJ. Changes in Caries Prevalence in Dutch Juveniles. Caries Res 2000; 34: 312.
Hugoson A, Koch G, Bergendal T, et al. Oral health of individuals aged 3-80 years in Jonkoping Sweden in 1973, 1983 and 1993. I. Review of findings on dental care and oral care habits and knowledge of oral health. Swed Dent J 1995; 19: 225-41.
Kelly M, Nuttall N, Bradnock G, et al. Adult dental health Survey: Oral Health in the United Kingdom 1998. London: The Stationery Office; 2000.
Ivanković A, Lukić IK, Ivanković Z, Radić A, Vukić I, Simić A. Dental caries in postwar Bosnia and Herzegovina. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2003; 31(2): 100-4.
Gökalp SG, Doğan BG, Tekçiçek MT, Berberoğlu A, Unlüer S. National survey of oral health status of children and adults in Turkey. Community Dent Health 2010; 27(1): 12-7.
Oral Health Database. Dental Caries. (Посећено у мају 2012. на http://www.mah.se/CAPP/Country-Oral-Health-Profiles/EURO/Denmark/Oral-Diseases/Dental-Caries/).
Oral Health Database. Dental Caries. (Посећено у мају 2012. на http://www.mah.se/CAPP/Country-Oral-Health-Profiles/EURO/Germany/Oral-Diseases/Dental-Caries/).