MEDIJSKO PREDSTAVLJANJE SPORTISTKINJA NA „RODNO NAJRAVNOPRAVNIJIM“ OLIMPIJSKIM IGRAMA
Sažetak
Olimpijske igre u Tokiju 2021. godine proglašene su prvim rodno ravnopravnim igrama, budući da su 49% od gotovo 11.000 sportista bile žene, zbog čega su i posebno važne za analizu iz rodne perspektive. Cilj rada je da utvrdi koliko i na koji način su sportistkinje prikazane u medijima. Istraživanje polazi od hipoteze da su sportistkinje nedovoljno zastupljene u odnosu na sportiste, kao i da većina medijskog sadržaja o sportistkinjama sadrži rodne stereotipe. Primenjene su kvantitativna i kvalitativna analiza sadržaja. Korpus istraživanja čini ukupno 730 tekstova objavljenih na srpskom digitalnom mediju „Blic onlajn“. Autorke zaključuju da je sportistkinjama posvećeno samo 30% medijskog prostora. Istraživanje pokazuje i da 40% tekstova o sportistkinjama sadrži rodne stereotipe ili nisu u vezi sporta i profesionalnih ostvarenja žena u sportu. Uprkos napretku koji postoji u rodnim politikama Olimpijskih igara, medijska slika ga ne odražava.
Reference
Barker, C. (2004). The Sage dictionary of cultural studies. London: SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446221280.n53
Billings, A. C., & Angelini, J. R. (2007). Packaging the games for viewer consumption: gender, ethnicity, and nationality in NBC’s coverage of the 2004 Summer Olympics. Communication Quarterly, 55(1), 95-111. https://doi.org/10.1080/01463370600998731
Blic. (18. jul 2021). ONA je vlasnica najbolje ZADNJICE u sportu, a sada prodaje GOLE SLIKE na SAJTU ZA ODRASLE! /VIDEO/. Blic.rs. https://sport.blic.rs/tokio-2020/tokio-2020-najnovije-vesti-olimpijske-igre-video-odbojkasica/f12qmg3
Blic. (19. jul 2021a). Najatraktivnija Brazilka u sportu imala maratonsko vođenje ljubavi na OI noć pred takmičenje, diskvalifikovana je, a sada se vratila i izgleda ovako! /VIDEO/. Blic.rs. https://sport.blic.rs/tokio-2020/ingrid-oliveira-olimpijske-igre-diskvalifikacija-intimni-odnosi-vodjenje-ljubavi/s2fwzmf
Blic. (20. jul 2021b). Počistila konkurenciju: U disciplini NAJLEPŠA NA SVETU već imamo pobednicu Olimpijskih igara! /VIDEO/. Blic.rs. https://sport.blic.rs/tokio-2020/najlepsa-atleticarka-sveta-alika-smit-tokio-2020-video/5lvkvce
Blic. (21. jul 2021c). Pa ona će ZAPALITI OLIMPIJSKE IGRE Brazilska skejtborderka izvodi neverovatne trikove, a zbog njenih ZANOSNIH OBLINA uzdišu muškarci ŠIROM SVETA. Blic.rs. https://sport.blic.rs/tokio-2020/pa-ona-ce-zapaliti-olimpijske-igre-brazilska-skejtborderka-izvodi-neverovatne-trikove/tedjb2s
Blic. (1. avgust 2021d). Najlepša srpska košarkašica se bori za medalju, a malo njih zna da uživa u vezi sa VATERPOLISTOM! Evo šta ih je spojilo! /FOTO/. Blic.rs. https://sport.blic.rs/tokio-2020/tokio-2020-najnovije-ana-dabovic-ilija-mustur-vaterpolista-slike-ljubav/zlfgx1x
Blic. (6. avgust 2021e). O Jovani Preković se malo toga zna, ali je NEŠTO I OTKRIVENO! Poznati Srbin je dečko naše osvajačice zlata na OI i doprineo je u ogromnom uspehu /FOTO/. Blic.rs. https://sport.blic.rs/tokio-2020/jovana-prekovic-olimpijske-igre-zlatna-medalja-ljubavni-zivot-aleksandar-sestakov/e9q58ld
Domains - gemiusRating. (n.d.). Gemius. Pristupljeno 23. novembra 2021, na: https://rating.gemius.com/rs/tree/32
Fiske, S. T., & Taylor, S. E. (1991). Social cognition (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Herman, E. S., & Chomsky, N. (2010). Manufacturing consent: The political economy of the mass media. Random House. New York City.
Killoran, G. (2017). A Content Analysis of Online Coverage of Female Athletes in the 2016 Rio Summer Olympics. Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, 8(1), 6-11.
Macnamara, J. R. (2005). Media content analysis: Its uses, benefits and best practice methodology. Asia Pacific Public Relations Journal, 6(1), 1-34.
McDonagh, E., & Pappano, L. (2008). Playing with the boys: Why Separate is Not Equal in Sports. New York: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537592709992994
McQueen, D. (2000). Televizija: Medijski priručnik. Beograd: Clio.
Messner, M. A. (1988). Sports and Male Domination: The Female Athlete as Contested Ideological Terrain. Sociology of Sport Journal, 5(3), 197-211. https://doi.org/10.1123/ssj.5.3.197
Messner, M. A., & Cooky, C. (2010). Gender in televised sports: News and highlight shows, 1989–2009. University of Southern California: Center for Feminist Research. https://dornsifecms.usc.edu/assets/sites/80/docs/tvsports.pdf
Minsberg, T. (2021, July 25). At the Olympics, Gender Equality Is Not So Equal. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/22/sports/olympics/olympics-athletes-gender.html
Ponterotto, D. (2014). Trivializing the Female Body: A Cross-cultural Analysis of the Representation of Women in Sports Journalism. Journal of International Women's Studies, 15(2), 94-111. https://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws/vol15/iss2/7
Reese, S. D. (Ed.). (2001). Framing Public Life: Perspectives on Media and Our Understanding of the Social World (Routledge Communication Series). In Framing Public Life - Perspectives on Media and Our Understanding of the Social World, Reese, S. D., Gandy Jr, O. H., & Grant, A. E. (Eds.). pp. 7-33. Routledge.
Sherry, E., Osborne, A., & Nicholson, M. (2016). Images of sports women: A review. Sex Roles, 74(7-8), 299-309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-015-0493-x
Smith, L. R., & Bissell, K. L. (2014). Nice dig!: An analysis of the verbal and visual coverage of men’s and women’s beach volleyball during the 2008 Olympic Games. Communication & Sport, 2(1), 48-64. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167479512467771
Stojiljković, N., Randjelović, N., Živković, D., Piršl, D., & Stanišić, I. (2020). Analysis of reporting on male and female athletes in Serbian media during the Olympic Games in London 2012. Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport, 491-505. https://doi.org/10.22190/fupes190908043s
Tankard, J. (2001). The empirical approach to the study of media framing. In Framing Public Life - Perspectives on Media and Our Understanding of the Social World, Reese, S. D., Gandy Jr, O. H., & Grant, A. E. (Eds.). pp. 111-121. Routledge.
Tankard, J., Hendrickson, L., Silberman, J. J., Bliss, K., & Ghanem, S. (1991). Media frames: Approaches to conceptualisation and measurement. Paper presented to the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Boston.
Toohey, K., & Veal, A. J. (2007). The Olympic Game: A Social Science Perspective (2nd Edition). Oxfordshire: CABI. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845933463.0041
Višnjić, J. (2016). Rodna analiza teksta u onlajn štampanim medijima u Srbiji. Neobjavljena doktorska disertacija. Novi Sad: Asocijacija centra za interdisciplinarne i multidisciplinarne studije istraživanja – ACIMSI za rodne studije.
Vujović, M., Mitrović, M., & Obradović, N. (2017). Women and Olympic Games: Media coverage. TEME: Časopis za društvene nauke, 41(4), 1113-1137. https://doi.org/10.22190/teme1704113v