RAZLIKE U FIZIČKOJ AKTIVNOSTI ADOLESCENATA RAZLIČITIH POLOVA UZRASTA OD 12 DO 15 GODINA RAZLIČITIM DANIMA U NEDELJI
Sažetak
Postizanje preporučenog dnevnog nivoa fizičke aktivnosti (FA) kod dečaka i devojčica adolescenata pomaže u poboljšanju njihovog kardiovaskularnog zdravlja, održavanju zdrave telesne težine i unapređenju mentalnog zdravlja. Svrha ovog istraživanja bila je da se utvrdi da li postoje statistički značajne razlike između dečaka i devojčica uzrasta od 12 do 15 godina u odnosu na uzrast i količinu FA različitim danima u nedelji. Uzorak je obuhvatio 606 učenika 7, 8. i 9. razreda iz četiri slovenačke osnovne škole koji su učestvovali u istraživanju popunjavanjem upitnika (IFAQ; International Physical Activity Questionnaire, 2006). Korišćen je kvantitativni pristup istraživanju i metoda je bila uzročno-neeksperimentalna. Šapiro-Vilkov test je korišćen da se utvrdi da li su podaci normalno raspoređeni na statistički značajnom nivou rizika (p > 0,05). Zbog narušene normalnosti distribucije varijabli (p < 0,001), za utvrđivanje statistički značajnih razlika između polova korišćen je neparametarski Man-Vitnijev test, a za utvrđivanje statistički značajnih razlika između starosnih grupa korišćen je Kraskal-Volisov test. Dečaci su bili statistički značajno aktivniji od devojčica svih dana u nedelji osim srede (pon.: p=0,018; utorak: p=0,001; četvrtak: p=0,020; petak: p=0,015, subota: p=0,012; nedelja: p=0,001). Značajne razlike u nivoima FA između učenika sedmog, osmog i devetog razreda javljale su se samo nedeljom (p<0,001), pri čemu su se nivoi FA menjali sa uzrastom učenika. Nalazi studije da su dečaci adolescenti statistički značajno aktivniji od devojčica izazivaju zabrinutost zbog rodnih razlika u učešću u FA tokom ovog kritičnog razvojnog perioda. Takve razlike mogu doprineti dugoročnim zdravstvenim posledicama i produžiti rodne nejednakosti u ukupnoj kondiciji i dobrobiti. Uočene razlike u FA između dečaka i devojčica tokom adolescencije naglašavaju potrebu za ciljanim intervencijama i strategijama za promovisanje i poboljšanje FA među devojčicama. Rešavanje osnovnih faktora koji doprinose nižim nivoima aktivnosti među devojčicama je od suštinskog značaja za promovisanje pravednijeg i inkluzivnijeg pristupa promociji FA.
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