Karakteristični primeri koordinacije izolacije u energetskim pretvaračima
Sažetak
Uređaji i moduli energetske elektronike koji se najčešće koriste u sistemima napajanja različite namene, industrijskim regulisanim pogonima i pretvaračkim sistemima u oblasti distribuiranih izvora energije u odnosu na pasivne komponente imaju veoma slabu sposobnost izdržavanja prenapona. Ovi prenaponi mogu biti različitog porekla, a u najvećem broju slučajeva su to tranzijentni prenaponi, koji čak i kada su niskih nivoa, mogu dovesti do oštećenja pomenutih uređaja energetske elektronike, odnosno elemenata energetskih pretvarača. Iz ovih razloga veoma je bitno sprovesti niz mera u cilju obezbeđenja izolacionih svojstava celokupnog sistema, a takođe i samog energetskog pretvarača kao dela tog sistema. U ovom radu se na osnovu usvojenih važećih standarda i relevantne literature iz date oblasti daju karakteristični primeri koordinacije izolacije za dva reprezentativna tipa energetskih pretvarača: industrijski frekventni regulatori i fotonaponski invertori koji se koriste u solarnim „on-grid“ napojnim sistemima.
Reference
[2] S. Sekioka, J. Takami, and S. Okabe, “Insulation coordination of a wind turbine and a power distribution line,” in Proc. Int. Symp. Lightning Protection, Fortaleza, 2011, pp. 235–240.
[3] S.Ozdemir, N.Altin, A.Nasiri and R.Cuzner, "Review of Standards on Insulation Coordination for Medium Voltage Power Converter“, IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics (Volume: 2), pp. 236-249, March 2021.
[4] S. Bedoui, and A. Bayadi, “Insulation coordination study of 400 kV high voltage substation,” in Proc. Algerian Large Elect. Netw. Conf., Algiers, Algeria, pp. 1–6, 2019.
[5] X. Rong, Insulation Coordination of Solid State Devices Connected Directly to the Electric, Power Distribution System, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, August 2017.
[6] Z. Cuixia and Z. Liuchun, “Insulation coordination optimization study for ±800kV UHVDC project with increased transmission capacity,” in Proc. IEEE Power Energy Soc. Gen. Meet., Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2013, pp. 1–5.
[7] W. Pan, X. Liu, and D. Nie, “Development and application of insulation coordination program for UHVDC converter stations,” in Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Electric Utility Deregulation Restructuring Power Technol., Nanjing, China, 2008, pp. 2262–2266.
[8] EN Standard, 61800-5-1, Adjustable Speed Electrical Power Drive Systems - Part 5-1: Safety Requirements - Electrical, Thermal and Energy, , 2007
[9] IEC/EN 62477-1, Safety requirements for power electronic converter systems and equipment - Part 1: General, 2012
[10] EN Insulation Co-Ordination - Part 1: Definitions, Principles and Rules, EN Standard 60071-1, 2006.
[11] Insulation Co-Ordination for Low-Voltage Equipment, IEC-TC Standard 109, 2019.
[12] IEC Insulation Coordination for Equipment Within Low-Voltage Supply Systems - Part 1: Principles, Requirements and Tests, IEC Standard 60664, 2007
[13] IEC/EN 62109-1, Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems – Part 1: General requirements, 2010.
[14] R.Weiss, U.Nicolai, AN1405-Coordination of Insulation, SEMIKRON-Rev 03, 2017.
[15] Ingo Staudt, “3L NPC & TNPC Topology”, SEMIKRON application note, AN11001 – rev05, Nuremberg, 2015.