Dominant symptomatology and clinically significant endoscopic findings in patients with dyspepsia

Abstract

Introduction: The role of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) is reflected in the evaluation of various symptoms and signs of numerous organic disorders such as ulcer disease, reflux disease, diverticula, achalasia and tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract, but also in the exclusion of the same conditions in patients whose basis is a functional disorder. Functional diseases of the digestive system are a great challenge in everyday clinical work.

The aim: The goal of this study is to determine the frequency of functional dyspepsia in relation to organic by sex and age as well as the frequency of Helicobacter pylori infection (HBP) in patients with dyspepsia, performing upper endoscopy as the gold standard in differential diagnosis.

Methods: The study analyzed 5,200 patients over a four-year period. All patients underwent upper endoscopy with dyspeptic disorders and all subjects underwent a biopsy of the gastric mucosa and pathohistological verification.

Results: The frequency of dyspeptic disorders is higher in women than in men, with the average age being 43 years. The most common complaints are epigastric pain and postprandial fullness. Endoscopic findings are positive in 55 percent of patients, predominantly over 55 years of age, with no statistical difference between HBP status. The most common changes are  reflux esophagitis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer.

Conclusion: Our study showed a high rate of positive endoscopic findings in patients with dyspepsia according to the criteria of Rome IV. Gastroscopy has significant implications in patients with dyspepsia.

Key words: upper endoscopy, dominant symptomatology, dyspepsia, endoscopic findings