POVEZANOST GENSKOG POLIMORFIZMA RS11640851 MT1A 80 C/A SA DIJABETESOM MELITUSOM TIPA 2 U POPULACIJI CENTRALNOG BALKANA
Sažetak
Tip 2 dijabetesa melitusa (T2DM) najčešći je tip dijabetesa, koji postaje sve zastupljeniji globalni zdravstveni problem. Veruje se da polimorfizmi u genima koji kodiraju metalotioneine, grupu malih proteina koji vezuju cink i uključeni su u antioksidativnu zaštitu, učestvuju u patogenezi T2DM-a. Cilj ovog istraživanja bilo je ispitivanje potencijalne povezanosti pojedinačnog polimorfizma nukleotida rs11640851 MT1A 80 C/A sa rizikom od T2DM-a, kao i utvrđivanje uticaja genotipa i raspodele alela na biohemijske parametre povezane sa dijabetesom. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 298 ispitanika ‒ njih 112 imalo je T2DM, a preostalih 186 zdravih ispitanika činilo je kontrolnu grupu. Ispitanicima su mereni glikemija natašte i nivo HbA1c. Polimorfizam u MT1A genu utvrđivan je pomoću PCR-RFLP metode. Nisu primećene značajne razlike u distribuciji genotipova i frekvenciji alela između kontrolne grupe i bolesnika sa dijabetesom (p > 0,05). Takođe, nije bilo povezanosti između polimorfizma i laboratorijskih parametara povezanih sa dijabetesom, glikemije natašte i nivoa HbA1c. Ipak, nivo glukoze iznad 7 mmol/L zabeležen je kod 79,6% nosilaca alela C, odnosno kod 53,3% ispitanika koji su homozigoti za alel A (p = 0,005). Iako u našem istraživanju nije pronađena direktna povezanost između genetskih varijanti MT1A gena i pojave T2DM-a, uočen je uticaj alela C na kontrolu glikemije kod bolesnika. Kako bi se proširila navedena saznanja i unapredilo razumevanje uticaja gena za metalotioneine na razvoj T2DM-a, neophodna su dalja istraživanja sa većim brojem ispitanika.
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