UTICAJ NOĆNOG RADA, NAČINA ISHRANE, KONZUMIRANJA ALKOHOLA I PUŠENJA CIGARETA NA NIVO STRESA KOD RADNIKA OBEZBEĐENJA
Uticaj noćnog rada, ishrane, alkohola i pušenja na nivo stresa kod radnika obezbeđenja
Sažetak
Noćni rad, koji je karakterističan za zanimanja poput radnika obezbeđenja, donosi jedinstvene izazove kada je posredi zdravlje radnika na biološkom, psihološkom i socijalnom nivou. Cirkadijalni ritmovi su poremećeni zbog noćnih smena, što dovodi do poremećaja sna, povećanog stresa i metaboličkih poremećaja. Ova studija analizira kako starosna grupa, noćni rad, pušenje, konzumacija alkohola, ishrana i indeks telesne mase (engl. body mass index – BMI) utiču na nivo stresa kod radnika obezbeđenja, s posebnim osvrtom na to kako noćne smene utiču na zdravstvene navike i opšte zdravstveno stanje. Za procenu uzorka sačinjenog od sto pedeset četiri radnika korišćene su ankete i standardizovane mere stresa. Ključni rezultati ukazuju na značajne efekte koji noćni rad, starost, pušenje, konzumacija alkohola i BMI imaju na nivo stresa; pritom, uravnotežena ishrana je povezana sa smanjenjem stresa.
Nedostatak sna i nepravilna ishrana doprinose smanjenju radnih performansi i povećavaju rizik od pojave hroničnih bolesti poput dijabetesa i kardiovaskularnih oboljenja. Takođe, upotreba alkohola i cigareta, koja često predstavlja strategiju za suočavanje sa stresom i nesanicom, dodatno pogoršava zdravstvene probleme.
Studija je sprovedena na uzorku od sto pedeset četiri radnika iz različitih starosnih grupa i radnih okruženja, koji su popunjavali anketu za procenu navika povezanih sa radom, zdravljem, ishranom, pušenjem, alkoholom i BMI-jem. Rezultati pokazuju da starosna grupa i noćni rad značajno utiču na nivo stresa – stariji radnici i radnici u noćnim smenama prijavljuju više nivoe stresa. Pušenje i alkohol dodatno povećavaju stres. I BMI pokazuje značajan uticaj na stres, posebno u noćnim smenama. Došlo se do zaključka da noćni rad, starosna grupa, pušenje, alkohol, BMI i ishrana u znatnoj meri utiču na nivo stresa kod radnika obezbeđenja. Međutim, promene nezdravih navika mogu pomoći u smanjenju nivoa stresa.
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