NAMERNA SAMOTROVANJA ADOLESCENATA: TROGODIŠNJE ISKUSTVO JEDNOG ZDRAVSTVENOG CENTRA
Sažetak
Adolescencija je period u kojem dete doživljava važne promene i u kojem je podložno rizičnom ponašanju. Jedan oblik takvog ponašanja čine namerna samotrovanja, koja nisu retka pojava. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se utvrde sociodemografske karakteristike adolescenata, distribucija korišćenih supstanci, kao i uticaj koji uspeh u školi i kompletnost nuklearne porodice imaju na čin samotrovanja.
Sprovedena je retrospektivna studija uvidom u dokumentaciju 412 pacijenata koji su lečeni u Institutu za zdravstvenu zaštitu dece i omladine Vojvodine u trogodišnjem periodu.
Prosečna starost ispitanika bila je 15,7 godina. Najčešće korišćene supstance bile su alkohol (67%), lekovi iz grupe benzodijazepina (23,6%) i kanabis (5,8%). Petina ispitanika je uzimala najmanje dve supstance istovremeno; to je bilo češće kod adolescentkinja, kod kojih su zabeležene i češće epizode ponovljenih samotrovanja. Polovina ispitanika (51%) živela je u kompletnoj nuklearnoj porodici. Kada je reč o konzumiranju alkohola, utvrđena je značajna razlika između ispitanika iz pomenute grupe i ostalih ispitanika. Postoji značajna razlika u konzumiranju benzodijazepina i alkohola i kada se u obzir uzme uspeh u školi.
Za samotrovanje su najčešće korišćeni alkohol i lekovi iz grupe benzodijazepina, s tim što postoji značajna razlika među polovima. Zbog činjenice da se lekovi iz grupe benzodijazepina lako mogu nabaviti, oni se u najvećoj meri koriste za samotrovanje. Kod devojaka postoji veći rizik od ponovne epizode samotrovanja. Adolescenti koji žive u kompletnim nuklearnim porodicama i imaju odličan uspeh u školi češće su konzumirali alkohol, dok su se adolescenti iz porodica koje nisu kompletne nuklearne porodice i koji imaju loš uspeh u školi uglavnom odlučivali za benzodijazepine.
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