AGES CHALLENGES OF THE AGING CULTURE FROM A GENDER-GENERATION PERSPECTIVE: ATTITUDES OF YOUNG PEOPLE TOWARDS AND THE ELDERLY
Keywords:
ageism, aging and gender stereotypes, intergenerational gap.
Abstract
The culture of aging is considered being an inseparable domain and aspect of modern concept of living. It has become foundation of sustainable development policy and a measure for evaluating the quality of social relations and human potential of an inclusive society. As an international perspective for alleviating age inequality, there is a need to redefine the social and political economy of aging in a global context.
Analysing youth (secondary school and faculty students) impressions of gender and intergenerational similarities as well as their differences in concept of aging was the main problem of our research. We investigated youth’s general attitudes towards old people in order to discover if there are age and gender presumptions in youngsters that influence evaluating elders’ characters in contrast with their peers as well as personal qualities between old men and women.
References
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McHugh 2003: Kevin McHugh. Three faces of ageism: society, image and place. Ageing & Society, god. 2003, 23, 2, 165–185.
Миланков-Опачић 2012: Миланков, М., Опачић, Б. Култура старења и стари у култури: Културни живот и потребе у трећем добу. Београд: Завод за проучавање културног развитка. 2012.
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Nelson 2002: Todd Nelson (ur.). Ageism: Stereotyping and Prejudice Against Older Persons. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Nelson 2005: Todd Nelson. Ageism: Prejudice against our feared future self. Journal of Social Issues, god. 2005, 61, 2, 207-221.
North-Fiske 2012: Michael S. North, Susan T. Fiske. An Inconvenienced Youth? Ageism and Its Potential Intergenerational Roots. Psychological Bulletin, god. 2012, 138, 5, 982–997.
Pavlović 2015: Pavlović, D. M. Afekat kao moderator prediktivne validnosti implicitnih i eksplicitnih stavova. Doktorski rad. Beograd: Filozofski fakultet. 2015.
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Савићевић 2004: Душан М. Савићевић. Учење и старење. Београд: Институт за педагогију и андрагогију.
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Fiske-Cuddy и др. 2002: Susan Fiske, Amy Cuddy, Peter Glick, Jun Xu. A model of (often mixed) stereotype content: Competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, god. 2002, 82, 878–902.
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Adorić Ćubela 2006: Vera Adorić Ćubela. Neki aspekti i implikacije negativnih vjerovanja o starenju i starim osobama u Odabrane teme iz psihologije odraslih. Ur. Katica Grgin Lacković i Vera Adorić Ćubela. Jastrebarsko: Naklada Slap, 65-95.
Ayalon-Tesch-Römer 2018: Liat Ayalon, Clemens Tesch-Römer (eds.). Contemporary Perspectives on Ageism: International Perspectives on Aging. Springer International Publishing.
Baltes-Smith 1990: Paul Baltes, Jacqui Smith. Toward a psychology of wisdom and its ontogenesis. Wisdom: Its nature, origins and development. Ursula Sternberg (Ur.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 187-120.
Baltes-Staudinger 1993: Paul Baltes, Ursula Staudinger. The search for a psychology of wisdom. Current Directions in Psychological Science, god. 1993, 2, 75–80.
Barret-Fon Rohr 2008: Anne Barrett, Carmen fon Rohr. Gendered perception of aging: An examination of college students. International journal of aging and human development, god. 2008, 67, 4, 359-386.
Baars-Dannefer и др. 2006: Jan Baars, Dale Dannefer, Chris Phillipson, Alan Walker. Aging, Globalization and Inequality: The New Critical Gerontology. Baywood, Amityville: New York.
Binstock 2010: Robert Binstock. From Compassionate Ageism to Intergenerational Conflict? The Gerontologist, god. 2010, 50, 5, 574–585.
Бубало Живковић-Лукић 2015: Милка Бубало-Живковић, Тамара Лукић. Попис становништва, домаћинстава и станова 2011. у Републици Србији почетком 21. века старог становништва Србије. Београд: Републички завод за статистику, 2015.
Bugental-Hehman 2007: Daphne Bugental, Jessica Hehman. Ageism: A Review of Research and Policy Implications. Social Issues and Policy Review, god. 2007, 1, 1, 173-216.
Burgess-Borgida 1999: Diana Burgess, Eugene Borgida. Who women are, who women should be: Descriptive and prescriptive gender stereotyping in sex discrimination. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, god. 1999, 5, 3, 665-692.
Westman 1991: Jack Westman. Juvenile ageism: Unrecognized prejudice and discrimination against the young. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, god. 1991, 21, 4, 237–256.
Williamson-Watts-Roy 2008: John Williamson and Dianr Watts-Roy. Aging boomers, generational equity, and framing the debate over social security. Boomer Bust: Economic and Political Issues of the Graying Society. Ur. Robert Hudson. [Prvo izdanje]. Westport, Connecticut.
Wilson 2002: Gail Wilson. Globalisation and older people: effects of markets and migration. Ageing & Society, god. 2002, 22, 5, 647–663.
Walker 2005: Alan Walker. Towards an international political economy of ageing. Ageing Soc, god. 2005, 25, 815–839.
Glick и др. 2000: Peter Glick et al. Beyond prejudice as simple antipathy: Hostile and benevolent sexism across cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, god. 2000, 79, 763–775.
Glick-Fiske 2001: Peter Glick, Susane Fiske. An ambivalent alliance: Hostile and benevolent sexism as complementary justifications for gender inequality. American Psychologist, god. 2001, 56, 109–118.
Gluth-Ebner и др. 2010: Sebastian Gluth, Natalie Ebner, Florian Schmiedek. Attitudes toward younger and older adults: The German Aging Semantic Differential. International Journal of Behavioral Development, god. 2010, 34, 147–158.
Девеџић-Стоjилковић Гњатовић 2015: Мирјана Девеџић, Јелена Стојилковић Гњатовић. Попис становништва, домаћинстава и станова 2011 у Републици Србији: Демографски профил старог становништва Србије. Београд: Републички завод за статистику. 2015. < www.popis2011.stat.rs>. [19.12.2019].
Diekman-Eagly 2000: Amanda Diekman, Alice Eagly. Stereotypes as dynamic constructs: Women and men of the past, present, and future. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, god. 2000, 26, 1171-1188.
Angel J-Angel R. 2006: Jacqueline Angel, Ronald Angel. Minority group status and healthful aging: Social structure still matters. American Journal of Public Health, god. 2006, 96, 1152–1159.
Zell-Krizan и др. 2015: Ethan Zell, Zlatan Krizan, Sabrina Teeter. Evaluating gender similarities and differences using metasynthesis. American Psychologist, god. 2015, 70, 1, 10-20.
Jelenec-Steffens 2002: Petra Jelenec, Melanie Steffens. Implicit attitudes toward elderly men and women. Current Research in Social Psychology, god. 2002, 7, 275–293.
Jyrkinen-McKie 2012: Marjut Jyrkinen, Linda McKie. Gender, age and ageism: Experiences of women managers in Finland and Scotland. Work, Employment and Society, god. 2012, 26, 1, 61–77.
Jyrkinen 2013: Marjut Jyrkinen. Women managers, careers and gendered ageism. Scandinavian Journal of Management, god. 2013, 30, 2, 175–185.
Cuddy-Fiske 2004: Amy Cuddy, Susane Fiske. Doddering but dear: Process, content, and function in stereotyping of older persons. Ageism: Stereotyping and prejudice against older persons. Ur. Todd Nelson. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 3-26.
Cuddy-Norton и др. 2005: Amy Cuddy, Michael Norton, Susane Fiske. This old stereotype: the pervasiveness and persistence of the elderly stereotype. Journal of Social Issues, god. 2005, 61, 267–285.
Kite-Deaux и др. 1991: Mary Kite, Kay Deaux, Margaret Miele. Stereotypes of young and old: Does age outweigh gender?“Psychology and Aging, god. 1991, 6, 19–27.
Kitchin-Wilton 2003: Rob Kitchin, Robert Wilton. Disability activism and the politics of scale. Canadian Geographer, god. 2003, 47, 2, 97–115.
Kornadt-Voss и др. 2013: Anna Kornadt, Peggy Voss, Klaus Rothermund. Multiple standards of aging: Gender-specific age stereotypes in different life domains. European Journal of Ageing, god. 2013, 10, 335–344.
Kosberg-Lowenstein и др. 2002: Jordan Kosberg, Ariela Lowenstein, Juanita Garcia, Simon Biggs. Challenges to the cross-cultural and cross-national study of elder abuse. Journal of Social Work and Evaluation, god. 2002, 3, 19–31.
Krekula-Nikander и др. 2018: Clary Krekula, Pirjo Nikander, Monika Wilińska. Multiple Marginalizations Based on Age: Gendered Ageism and Beyond. Contemporary Perspectives on Ageism: International Perspectives on Aging, 19. Liat Ayalon, Clemens Tesch-Römer (Ur.). Berlin: Springer, 38-50.
Litvinović 2001: Gorjana Litvinović. Čovek između ličnog i istorijskog vremena. Beograd: Skripta internacional. 2001.
Матић 2012: В. Матић. Социјално-образовни програм у функцији одрживог квалитета старења. Докторска дисертација. Нови Сад: Универзитет у Новом Саду.
McHugh 2003: Kevin McHugh. Three faces of ageism: society, image and place. Ageing & Society, god. 2003, 23, 2, 165–185.
Миланков-Опачић 2012: Миланков, М., Опачић, Б. Култура старења и стари у култури: Културни живот и потребе у трећем добу. Београд: Завод за проучавање културног развитка. 2012.
Milanović Dobrota 2017: Biljana Milanović Dobrota. Poznavanje bioloških, psiholoških i socioloških aspekata starosti u populaciji odraslih osoba. Andragoške studije, jun 2017.
Milošević-Medić и др. 2013: Zorica Milošević, Snežana Medić, Katarina Popović. Vrednosne razlike kao izazov u intergeneracijskom i interkulturnom učenju. Andragoške studije, god. 2013, br. 2, 35-60.
Milošević-Medić 2015: Zorica Milošević., Snežana Medić. Integrisana obrazovna podrška starijima: ka novom kvalitetu obrazovanja starijih. Istraživanja i razvoj kvaliteta obrazovanja u Srbiji-Stanje, izazovi i perspektive. Zbonik radova. Ur.: E. Hebib, B. Bodroški Spariosu, A. Ilić Rajković. Beograd: Univerzitet u Beogradu, Filozofski fakultet, Institut za pedagogiju i andragogiju. Beograd: JP Službeni glasnik,155-176.
Милошевић Радуловић 2014: Лела Милошевић Радуловић. Ставови младих према старости и старима као детерминанта квалитета живота у старости и улога образовања у њиховом формирању. Геронтологија, год. 2014, 1, 75-103.
Mihić 2015: Vladimir Mihić. Stereotipi i predrasude: od slike o svetu oko nas do sukoba i konflikata. Filozofski fakultet: Novi Sad. < http://digitalna.ff.uns.ac.rs/sadrzaj/2015/978-86-6065-320-0>. [децембар 2019].
Milutinović Bojanić 2016: Sanja Milutinović Bojanić. Uvod-teorijska utemeljenost istraživanja: Assisted society. Siromaštvo, ruralnost, rod: Istraživanje funkcionisanja sistema socijalne zaštite u ruralnim oblastima Srbije. Ur. Sanja Milutinović Bojanić, Jelena Ćeriman, Verica Pavić Zentner. Beograd: Centar za etiku, pravo i primenjenu filozofiju: Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju, Univerziteta u Beogradu, 9-18.
Mudrovčić 1997: Željka Mudrovčić. Starost i starenje ljudskog roda: žensko-muški aspekti starenja. Revija za sociologiju, vol. 28, br. 3-4, 1997, str. 193-205.
Nelson 2002: Todd Nelson (ur.). Ageism: Stereotyping and Prejudice Against Older Persons. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Nelson 2005: Todd Nelson. Ageism: Prejudice against our feared future self. Journal of Social Issues, god. 2005, 61, 2, 207-221.
North-Fiske 2012: Michael S. North, Susan T. Fiske. An Inconvenienced Youth? Ageism and Its Potential Intergenerational Roots. Psychological Bulletin, god. 2012, 138, 5, 982–997.
Pavlović 2015: Pavlović, D. M. Afekat kao moderator prediktivne validnosti implicitnih i eksplicitnih stavova. Doktorski rad. Beograd: Filozofski fakultet. 2015.
Pierson 1993: Paul Pierson. When effect becomes cause: policy feedback and political change. World Politics, god. 1993, 4, 4, 595–628.
Prentice-Carranza 2002: Deborah Prentice, Erica Carranza. What women and men should be, shouldn’t be, are allowed to be, and don’t have to be: The contents of prescriptive gender stereotypes. Psychology of Women Quarterly, god. 2002, 26, 4, 269–281.
Riley M-Riley J. 2000: Matilda Riley, John Riley Jr. Age integration: Conceptual and historical background. The Gerontologist, god. 2000, 40, 266.
Савићевић 2004: Душан М. Савићевић. Учење и старење. Београд: Институт за педагогију и андрагогију.
Townsend 2006: Peter Townsend. Policies for the aged in the 21st century: more ‘structured dependency’ or the realization of human rights?. Ageing & Society, god. 2006, 26, 2, 161–179.
Ćirović-Pavlović 2013: Ivana Ćirović, Maša Pavlović. Intergeneracijski kontakt i predrasude prema starima kod dece. XIX naučni skup Empirijska istraživanja u psihologiji. Knjiga rezimea. Beograd: Filozofski fakultet u Beogradu: Institut za psihologiju i laboratorija za eksperimentalnu psihologiju.
Fiske и др. 2002: Susane Fiske, Amy Cuddy, Peter Glick, Jun Xu. A model (often mixed) stereotype content: Competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, god. 2002, 82, 878–902.
Fiske-Cuddy и др. 2002: Susan Fiske, Amy Cuddy, Peter Glick, Jun Xu. A model of (often mixed) stereotype content: Competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, god. 2002, 82, 878–902.
Fullerton-Dixon 2010: Andrew Fullerton, Jeffrey Dixon. Generational conflict or methodological artifact? Reconsidering the relationship between age and policy attitudes in the U.S.,1984-2008. Public Opinion Quarterly, god. 2010, 74, 4, 643-673.
WHO 1999: World Health Orgnization. Ageing, Exploding the myts. WHO: Geneve.
Šobot 2013: Ankica Šobot. Pogled na održivi razvoj Srbije iz perspektive rodnih uloga i modela ponašanja“. Politička revija, god. XXV, broj 1,117-143.