Uticaj upotrebe društvenih mreža na političko informisanje i političko znanje studenata u Srbiji

  • Neven D. Obradović Univerzitet u Nišu, Departman za komunikologiju I novinarstvo
Ključne reči: društvene mreže, političko znanje, političko informisanje, teorija koristi i zadovoljstva, mladi, Srbija

Sažetak


Predmet ovog rada je uticaj društvenih mreža na političko informisanje i političko znanje studenata u Srbiji. Korisnici društvenih mreža su u prilici samostalno da kreiraju svoje informativno i saznajno okruženje, zbog čega teorijsko polazište predstavlja teorija koristi i zadovoljstva, koja ima značajnu primenu u aktuelnim međunarodnim istraživanjima uloge društvenih mreža u političkom ponašanju mladih.  Osnovni cilj empirijskog istraživanja jeste da utvrdimo da li upotreba društvenih mreža zasnovana na zadovoljenju svakodnevnih informacionih, komunikacionih i potreba za zabavom izaziva promene u političkom informisanju i političkom znanju kod studenata u Srbiji. S tim u vezi, osnovna hipoteza istraživanja glasi: Korišćenje društvenih mreža zasnovano na zadovoljenju potreba za informisanjem, komunikacijom i zabavom, dovodi do bolje informisanosti i znanja o politici kod studenata u Srbiji. Uzorak istraživanja (N=554) čine studenti uzrasta od 19 do 24 godine iz Republike Srbije. Ispitanici su bili studenti sa tri najveća Univerziteta u Republici Srbiji (Univerzitet u Beogradu, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu i Univerzitet u Nišu). Nalazi istraživanja pokazali su da korišćenje društvenih mreža zarad zadovoljenja ličnih potreba korisnika za opštim informisanjem, komunikacijom i zabavom ne dovodi do boljeg informisanja i znanja o politici kod studenata u Srbiji.

Biografija autora

Neven D. Obradović, Univerzitet u Nišu, Departman za komunikologiju I novinarstvo

Reference

Apuke, O. D., & Tunca, E. A. (2018). Understanding the implications of social media usage in the electoral processes and campaigns in Nigeria. Global Media Journal, 16(31), 1–8.

Barthel, M. (2016). Liberal Democrats most likely to have learned about election from Facebook. Pew Research Center. Retrived 5 January, 2021 from http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/05/12/liberal-democrats-most-likely-to-have-learned-about-election-from-facebook/

Baumgartner, J. C., & Morris J. (2009) MyFaceTube politics, social networking web sites and political engagement of young adults. Social Science Computer Review, 28(1), 24–44.

Boulianne, S., & Theocharis, Y. (2020). Young people, digital media, and engagement: A meta-analysis of research. Social Science Computer Review, 38(2), 111–127.

Bode, L., Vraga, E. K., Borah, P., & Shah, D. V. (2014). A new space for political behavior: Political social networking and its democratic consequences. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19(3), 414–429.

Chen, G. M. (2011). Tweet this: A uses and gratifications perspective on how active Twitter use gratifies a need to connect with others. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(2), 755–762.

Chen, Z., & Chan, M. (2017). Motivations for social media use and impact on political participation in China: A cognitive and communication mediation approach. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 20(2), 83–90.

Campante, F., Durante, R., & Sobbrio, F. (2017). Politics 2.0: The multifaceted effect of broadband internet on political participation. Journal of the European Economic Association, 16(4), 1094–1136.

Casteltrione, I. (2015). The Internet, social networking Web sites and political participation research: Assumptions and contradictory evidence. First Monday, 20(3). Retrieved 17 February, 2021 from https://journals.uic.edu/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/5462

Conroy, M., Feezell J. T., & Guerrero M. (2012). Facebook and political engagement: A study of online political group membership and offline political engagement. Computers in Human Behavior, 28, 1535–1546.

Davis, J. L., Love, T. P., & Killen, G. (2018). Seriously funny: The political work of humor on social media. New Media & Society, 20(10), 3898–3916.

Gomes, W., Fernandes, B., Reis, L., & Silva, T. (2009). “Politics 2.0”: Barack Obama's on-line 2008 campaign. Revista de Sociologia e Política, 17(34), 29–43.

Gottfried, J., Barthel, M., Shearer, E., & Mitchell, A. (2016) The 2016 presidential campaign – a news event that’s hard to miss. Pew Research Center. Retrieved 5 January, 2021 from https://www.journalism.org/2016/02/04/the-2016-presidential-campaign-a-news-event-thats-hard-to-miss/

Gueorguieva, V. (2007) Voters, MySpace, and YouTube: The impact of alternative communication channels on the 2006 election cycle and beyond. Social Science Computer Review, 26(3), 288–300.

Jevtović, Z., Vulić, T., i Pavlović, D. (2012). Identitet novih medija i civilno društvo. U Zbornik radova – nauka i identitet, knjiga 2, tom 2, filozofske i prirodno-matematičke nauke (str. 255– 264). Pale: Univerzit u Istočnom Sarajevu, Filozofski fakultet.

Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. (2008). Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches. London: Sage.

Kiculović, B., i Grmuša, A. (2013). Društvene mreže kao novi kanal političke komunikacije – slučaj Fejsbuk. Politička revija, 38(4), 225–243.

Kushin, M. J., & Kitchener, K. (2009). Getting political on social network sites: Exploring online political discourse on Facebook. First Monday, 14(11). Retrieved 17 February, 2021 from https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2645

Larsson, A. O. (2013). “Rejected bits of program code”: Why notions of “Politics 2.0” remain (mostly) unfulfilled. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 10(1), 72–85.

Macafee, T., & De Simone, J. J. (2012). Killing the Bill online? Pathways to young people’s protest engagement via social media. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15(11), 579-584.

Mitchell, A., Jurkowitz, M., Baxter, O., & Shearer, E. (2020). Demographics of Americans who get most of their political news from social media. Pew Research Center. Retrieved 24 February 2021 from: https://www.journalism.org/2020/07/30/demographics-of-americans-who-get-most-of-their-political-news-from-social-media/

Obradović, N. (2020). Politička komunikacija na društvenim mrežama i političko ponašanje mladih u Srbiji (Nepublikovana doktorska disertacija). Fakultet političkih nauka, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Srbij. Preuzeto, 17. februara 2021. godine sa https://www.fpn.bg.ac.rs/wp-content/uploads/Neven_Obradovic_Disertacija_FPN.pdf

Pavlović, Z. (2012). Činioci i struktura političke kulture mladih u Srbiji – sociopsihološki aspect (Nepublikovana doktorska disertacija). Filozofski fakultetet, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd.

Petrović, D., i Bešić, M. (2019). Political informing through social media across Europe-factors and effects. Sociologija, 61(4), 565–584.

Popadić, D., Pavlović, Z., i Mihajlović Z. (2019). Mladi u Srbiji 2018/2019. Beograd: Fondacija Fridrih Ebert.

Radojković, M., i Đorđević, T. (2005) Osnove komunikologije. Beograd: Fakultet političkih nauka, Čigoja štampa.

Rainie, L., Smith, A., Schlozman, K. L., Brady, H., & Verba, S. (2012). Social media and political engagement. Pew Internet & American Life Project, 19, 2–13.

Republički zavod za statistiku (2020). Godišnji izveštaj o informaciono komunikacionim tehnologijama. Preuzeto 17. februara 2021. sa https://www.stat.gov.rs/sr-latn/vesti/20200922-godisnje-istrazivanje-o-ikt/?a=27&s

Saumure, K., & Given L. M. (2008). Convenience sample. In L. Given (ed.), The Sage encyclopedia of qualitative research methods. London: Sage.

Schrøder, K. C. (2013). Socio-cultural models of communication. In P. Cobley & P. J. Schulz (eds.), Theories and models of communication (pp. 327–347). Mouton de Gruyter.

Schlozman, K. L., Verba, S., & Brady, H. E. (2010). Weapon of the strong? Participatory inequality and the Internet. Perspectives on Politics, 8(2), 487–509.

SHARE Fondacija (2017). Onlajn izborna kampanja u Srbiji, osvajanje klikova i srca. Preuzeto 10. januara 2021. sa https://labs.rs/sr/onlajn-izborna-kampanja-u-srbiji/

Skoric, M. M., & Poor, N. (2013). Youth engagement in Singapore: The interplay of social and traditional media. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 57(2), 187–204.

Slavujević, Z. (2009). Političko komuniciranje, politička propaganda, politički marketing. Beograd: Grafocard.

Slavujević, Z. (2017). Pohodi na birače u ime države i naroda – Izborne kampanje u Srbiji od 1990. do 2016. godine. Tom II, Beograd: Fakultet političkih nauka.

Smith, A. (2009). The Internet’s role in campaign 2008. Pew Research Center. Retrieved January 5, 2021 from http://www.pewinternet.org/2009/04/15/the-internets-role-in-campaign-2008/

Sparks, G. (2012). Uses and gratifications of Elihu Katz. In E. Griffin (ed.), A first look at communication theory, eighth edition (pp. 357–365). McGraw Hill.

Stieglitz, S., & Dang-Xuan, L. (2013). Emotions and information diffusion in social media—sentiment of microblogs and sharing behavior. Journal of Management Information Systems, 29(4), 217– 248.

Stier, S., Bleier, A., Lietz, H., & Strohmaier, M. (2018). Election campaigning on social media: Politicians, audiences, and the mediation of political communication on Facebook and Twitter. Political communication, 35(1), 50–74.

Tapscott, D. (2011). Odrasti digitalno – kako mrežna generacija mijenja vaš svijet. Zagreb: MATE.

Valenzuela, S., Correa, T., & Gil de Zúñiga, H. (2018). Ties, likes, and tweets: Using strong and weak ties to explain differences in protest participation across Facebook and Twitter use. Political Communication, 35(1), 117–134.

VanderStoep, S. W., & Johnson, D. D. (2008) Research methods for everyday life: Blending qualitative and quantitative approaches. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Vitak, J., Zube, P., Smock, A., Carr, C. T., Ellison, N., & Lampe, C. (2011). It's complicated: Facebook users' political participation in the 2008 Election. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(3), 107–114.

Xenos, M., Vromen, A., & Loader, B. D. (2014). The great equalizer? Patterns of social media use and youth political engagement in three advanced democracies. Information, Communication & Society, 17(2), 151–167.

Objavljeno
2021/09/04
Rubrika
Originalni naučni članak