Prediktori percipiranog stresa i ublažavajuća uloga fizičke aktivnosti kod medicinskih sestara zaposlenih na visokorizičnim odeljenjima
Sažetak
Uvod: Stres na radnom mestu predstavlja značajan javnozdravstveni problem među zdravstvenim radnicima, naročito medicinskim sestrama zaposlenim na visokorizičnim odeljenjima, gde su profesionalni zahtevi, odgovornost i izloženost stresorima izraženi.
Cilj rada: Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispita odnos između doživljaja stresa na poslu, psihosomatskih simptoma, ponašajnih i kognitivnih reakcija na stres, percipiranih koristi fizičke aktivnosti i nivoa percipiranog stresa kod medicinskih sestara zaposlenih na visokorizičnim radnim mestima.
Metod: Istraživanje je sprovedeno kao studija preseka na uzorku od 82 medicinske sestre zaposlene na visokorizičnim odeljenjima u Kliničkom centru Srbije i Institutu za ortopediju „Banjica“. Za procenu percipiranog stresa korišćena je Skala percipiranog stresa (PSS-10), dok su dodatnim stavkama ispitivani stres na poslu, psihosomatski simptomi, ponašajne i kognitivne reakcije, kao i percepcija efekata fizičke aktivnosti. Podaci su analizirani primenom deskriptivne statistike, Pearsonove korelacione analize i višestruke linearne regresije.
Rezultati: Stres na poslu, psihosomatski simptomi i ponašajne i kognitivne reakcije na stres pokazali su se kao statistički značajni prediktori percipiranog stresa, pri čemu su ponašajne i kognitivne reakcije imale najizraženiji doprinos. Suprotno očekivanjima, percipirane koristi od fizičke aktivnosti nisu statistički značajno dovedene u vezu sa percipiranim stresom, iako je smer povezanosti bio negativan.
Zaključak: Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da je percipirani stres kod medicinskih sestara značajno povezan sa radnim stresorima, kao i sa psihosomatskim, ponašajnim i kognitivnim reakcijama na stres. Nalazi ukazuju na potrebu za sveobuhvatnim pristupom prevenciji profesionalnog stresa, koji obuhvata unapređenje radnih uslova, jačanje psihološke podrške i podsticanje zdravih životnih navika, uključujući redovnu fizičku aktivnost.
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