CRNA SOJA I CRNA ČIJA KAO IZVOR HRANLJIVIH SASTOJAKA I BIOAKTIVNIH JEDINJENJA SA ZDRAVSTVENIM PREDNOSTIMA
Sažetak
Novi trendovi u savremenom zdravom načinu života i ishrani doveli su do povećane potražnje za funkcionalnim namirnicama bogatim hranljivim materijama i bioaktivnim jedinjenjima koja mogu pozitivno da utiču na zdravlje. Neke gajene biljke, kao što su soja i čija mogu biti dobar izvor nutraceutika sa visokim sadržajem vlakana, proteina i zaštitnim antioksidativnim potencijalom. U ovom istraživanju korišćena su integralna brašna crne soje i crne čije. Potencijalna hranljiva i zdravstveno korisna svojstva ovih brašna upoređivana su na osnovu hemijskog sastava i antioksidativnog profila. Sadržaj prehrambenih vlakana kao što su NDF, ADF, ADL i hemiceluloza u uzorku crne čije bio je viši nego u crnoj soji koja je imala viši sadržaj celuloznih vlakana. Ukupni sadržaj proteina određen u crnoj soji bio je skoro dvostruko viši (42,26±0,14%) u odnosu na sadržaj proteina čije (25,04±0,20%). Crna soja imala je najviši udeo proteina rastvorljivih u vodi (29,99±0,13% s.m.) i indeks rastvorljivosti azota (NSI) 70,96±0,31% od ukupnih proteina, dok je seme crne čije imalo najviše globulina (14,64±0,07% s.m.) i NSI 58,48±0,27% od ukupnih proteina. U uzorcima crne soje i crne čije utvrđen je visok sadržaj ukupnih fenolnih jedinjenja (830,66±5,46 i 1201,94± 6,29 mgGAE/kg, redom) kao i značajan ukupni antioksidativni kapacitet, zbog čega se mogu smatrati dobrim kandidatima za proizvodnju funkcionalne hrane koja može imati pozitivan uticaj na zdravlje.
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