EFEKAT ALKALNIH TRETMANA KORISTEĆI CEĐ I HIDRATISANI KREČ NA NEKE NUTRIJENTE, ANTINUTRIJENTE I IN VITRO SVARLJIVOST PROTEINA SEMENA SESBANIA SESBAN
Sažetak
Sesbania sesban je višegodišnja žbunasta ili drvenasta biljka široko rasprostranjena u različitim delovima Nigerije koja se koristi kao krmno bilje. Međutim, sadržaj antinutrijenata u semenu biljke ograničava njihovu upotrebu kao komponente za stočnu hranu. Stoga je tema ovog rada ispitivanje uticaja različitih tretmana alkalnim sredstvima na sadržaj nutrijenata, antinutrijenata i svarljivost proteina u semenu S. sesban. Semena su tretirana potapanjem (tokom 24 h) ili kuvanjem (30 min) u ceđi (voda kuvana sa pepelom) ili hidratisanom tj. gašenom kreču (kalcijum-hidroksidu). Nakon tretmana, semena su dobro osušena na ambijentalnoj temperaturi. U tretiranim semenima ispitivan je hemijski sastav, sadržaj antinutrijenata i in vitro svarljivost proteina. Rezultati su pokazali da je sadržaj sirovih proteina statistički značajno (p<0.05) povišen u uzorcima kuvanim u ceđi (BL) i hidratisanom kreču (BSL), u poređenju sa netretiranim uzorkom semena sesbanije. Sadržaj ugljenih hidrata bio je značajno (p<0.05) manji nakon tretmana s hidratisanim krečom. Alkalni tretmani su značajno (p<0.05) smanjili sadržaj antinutrijenata, naročito tanina i inhibitora tripsina, u poređenju sa netretiranim uzorkom semena. Tretmani su bili efikasni i u smanjenju sadržaja saponina, oksalata, fitata i cijanogenih glukozida. In vitro svarljivost proteina je bila značajno veća nakon kuvanja i potapanja u alkalnim sredstvima u poređenju sa netretiranim uzorcima, pri čemu je najbolji efekat bio uočen u tretmanima kuvanja semena u ceđi. Seme sesbanije može da se koristi kao komponenta stočne hrane nakon tretmana u ceđi, koji predstavlja jeftiniju alternativu tretmanu sa hidratisanim krečom.
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