NANOSTRUCTURES MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY TO REDUCE THE FIRE RISK IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY: PERFORMANCE, FEATURES AND IMPLEMENTATION

Aleksey V. Ivanov; Farid A. Dali; Grigoriy K. Ivakhnyuk; Igor L. Skripnick; Marina A. Simonova; Denis V. Shikhalev

doi:10.5937/jaes0-26622

Aleksey V. Ivanov Saint-Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Department of fire safety of technological processes and production, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
Farid A. Dali Saint-Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Department of fire safety of technological processes and production, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
Grigoriy K. Ivakhnyuk Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Department of Engineering Protection of Environment, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
Igor L. Skripnick Saint-Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Department of fire safety of technological processes and production, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
Marina A. Simonova Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, The Higher school of technosphere safety of Construction institute, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
Denis V. Shikhalev State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, Department of information support of the population and technologies fire safety, Moscow, Russian Federation

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-26622

Keywords: liquid hydrocarbons, extinguishing, variable frequency-modulated potential, fire risk, carbon nanotubes

Abstract

Oil and gas enterprises are characterized by an increased fire risk. There is high probability of occurrence and spread of large fires when oil production and processing, transportation and storage of oil products occurs. There is high probability of large fires during the oil production, oil processing and during the transportation and storage of petroleum products. New materials created using nanotechnology principles are needed to improve the efficiency of fire prevention and extinguishing systems. The technology for controlling the properties and performance characteristics of nanofluids based on liquid hydrocarbons and water is based on the methods of functionalization and interaction of clusters of the base liquid and multilayer carbon nanotubes, methods for stabilizing nanofluids, for changing the thermophysical, rheological and electrostatic properties of substances and materials on their basis. The proposed technology makes it possible to create nanomaterials based on various scenarios for the development of emergency situations and to apply them to reduce fire risk at oil and gas facilities. Fig.1_.jpg

References

Benes, J., Chauvet M., Kamenik, O., Kumhof, M., Laxton, D., Mursula, S., Selody, J. (2015). The future of oil: Geology versus technology. International Journal of Forecasting, vol. 31, no. 1, 207-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijforecast.2014.03.012.

Mitchell, J. V., Marcel, V., Mitchell, B. (2012) What next for the oil and gas industry? London. Chat-ham House. p.112.

Lu, H., Guo, L., Azimi, M., Huang, K. (2019). Oil and Gas 4.0 era: A systematic review and out-look. Computers in Industry, 111, 68-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.01.010.

Nolan, D.P. (2014). Handbook of fire and explosion protection engineering principles: for oil, gas, chemical and related facilities. William Andrew. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4377-7857-1.00001-X.

Morgan, A.B. (2019). The future of flame retardant polymers–unmet needs and likely new approaches. Polymer Reviews, vol. 59, no. 1, 25-54. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2018. 1454948.

Shah, K.A., Tali, B. A. (2016). Synthesis of carbon nanotubes by catalytic chemical vapour deposi-tion: A review on carbon sources, catalysts and substrates. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, vol. 41, 67-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2015.08.013.

Ivanov, A.V., Ivakhnyuk, G.K., Medvedeva, L.V. (2016). Methods of control properties of hydrocar-bon liquids in the problems of fire safety. Fire and Explosion Safety, vol. 25, no. 9, 30-37. https://doi.org/10.18322/PVB.2016.25.09.30-37.

Jorio, A., Pimenta, M. A., Souza Filho, A. G., Saito, R., Dresselhaus, G., Dresselhaus, M. S. (2003). Characterizing carbon nanotube samples with resonance Raman scattering. New Journal of Physics, vol. 5, no.1, 139.

Von Hippel, A. R. (1954). Dielectrics and waves. Boston, London. Artech House. p. 279.

Khaleduzzaman, S. S., Mahbubul, I. M., Shahrul, I. M., Saidur, R. (2013). Effect of particle concen-tration, temperature and surfactant on surface tension of nanofluids. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 49, 110-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2013.10.010.

Rugar, D., Hansma, P. (1990). Atomic force microscopy. Physics today, 43(10), 23-30. DOI: 10.1063/1.881238.

Hartnett, J.P., Irvine, T.F., Greene G.A., Cho, Y.I. (1998). Advances in heat transfer. Academic press. p. 484.

Ivanov, A.V., Sorokin, A.Yu., Ivakhnyuk, G.K., Demekhin, F.V. (2018). Management of electrostatic properties hydrocarbon liquids by modification with carbon nanostructures. Fire and Explosion Safety, vol. 26, no. 7, 16-27. https://doi.org/10.18322/PVB.2017.26.07.16-27

Sharovarnikov A.F., Melnikov A.I. (2015). Experimental studies of fire extinguishing capacity of the water film forming solutions containing fluorinated surfactants. Fire and Explosion Safety, vol. 24, no. 9, 74–81. https://doi.org/10.18322/PVB.2015.24.09.74-81.

Beheshti, A., Heris, S.Z. (2016). Is MWCNT a good synergistic candidate in APP–PER–MEL intu-mescent coating for steel structure? Progress in Organic Coatings, vol. 90, 252-257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2015.10.023.

Muradyan, V.E., Sokolov, E.A., Babenko, S.D., Moravsky, A.P. (2010). Microwave dielectric properties of composites modified by carbon nanostructures. Technical Physics, vol. 55, no. 2, 242-246. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063784210020131.

Liu, X., Spencer, J.S., Kaiser, A.B., Arnold, W.M. (2004). Electric-field oriented carbon nanotubes in different dielectric solvents. Current Applied Physics, vol. 4, no. 2-4, 125-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2003.10.012.

Yu, W., Xie, H. (2012). A review on nanofluids: preparation, stability mechanisms, and applications. Journal of Nanomaterials, vol. 2012, 17. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/435873.

Bikiaris, D. (2011). Can nanoparticles really enhance thermal stability of polymers? Part II: an over-view on thermal decomposition of polycondensation polymers. Thermochimica Acta, vol. 523, no. 1-2, 25-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.06.012.

Mukherjee, S., Paria, S. (2013). Preparation and stability of nanofluids-a review. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and civil engineering, vol. 9, no. 2, 63-69. https://doi.org/10.9790/1684-0926369.

Lumsdon, S.O., Scott, D.M. (2005). Assembly of colloidal particles into microwires using an alternating electric field //Langmuir, vol. 21, no. 11, 4874-4880. https://doi.org/10.1021/la0472697.

Ivanov, A.V., Ivakhnyuk, G.K., Emelyanova, A.N. (2015). Flash test of kerosene with dispersed carbon nanotubes andvariable frequency-modulated electric potential. Problems of Technosphere Risk Management, no. 2(27), 53–57.

Ivanov, A.V., Miftakhutdinova, A.A., Nefedyev, S.A., Simonova, M. A., Maslakov, M.D. (2017). Conditions for the stabilization nanostructures for the fireproof transport flammable liquids. Fire and Explosion Safety, vol. 26, no. 9, 35–43. https://doi.org/10.18322/PVB.2017.26.09.35-43.

Ivanov, A.V., Toropov, D.P., Ivakhnyuk, G.K., Fedorov, A.V., Kuzmin, A.A. (2017). Research of the extinguishing properties of water and hydrogel with carbon nanoparticles for liquidation burning of the petroleum products. Fire and Explosion Safety, vol. 26, no. 8, 31–44. https://doi.org/ 10.18322/PVB.2017.26.08.31-44.

Toropov, D., Ivanov, A., Dali, F., Perlin, A., Lebedev, A., Shidljvsky, G. (2019). Extinguishing characteristics of water suspensions with carbon nanostructures at extinguishing liquid hydrocarbons fires (oil and gas industry). Delta, 13(1), 22-31. https://doi.org/10.17423/delta.2019.13.1.55.

Ivanov, A.V., Mikhaylova, V.I., Ivakhnyuk, G.K., Demekhin, F.V. Investigation of the characteristics of modified hydrogels for thermal protection of petroleum products tanks. Fire and Explosion Safety, 2017, vol. 26, no. 4, 58–67. https://doi.org/10.18322/PVB.2017.26.04.58-67.

Ivanov, A.V., Miftakhutdinova, A.A., Ivakhnyuk, G. K., Basharichev, A.V. (2018). Physical and technological principles and methodology for the management of fire protection processes when treating liquid hydrocarbon in the conditions of stabilization of nanostructures. Fire and Explosion Safety, vol. 27, no. 12, 7–18. https://doi.org/10.18322/PVB.2018.27.12.7-18.