DETERMINING THE EFFECT OF NOZZLE GROOVE ON THE FLUID FLOW THROUGH VISCOUS 2D PLANAR FLUID
Keywords:
Fluid Flow, Groove, Nozzle, CFD
Abstract
The study aims to determine the effect of nozzle groove on fluid flow through viscous 2D planar fluid. To fulfil the study’s aim, numerical method was adopted to introduce grooves of different dimensions from the nozzle exit. The study adopts SoldWork software was used to design nozzles and introduce groove shaped nozzles, each consisting of six different designs. The nozzle base model used in this study was similar to the one used in a previous study. The procedure was performed with different pressures (8, 10, and 12 bar) at the similar firefighting nozzle. The velocities contours were predicted based on the choice of nozzle section during the numerical stimulation. The results of present study demonstrated a new approach that can be used for increasing velocity at various types of modified nozzles through grooves at different pressures and locations. For grooves, dimensions 1×1 (mm) and location 15 mm at 8 bar, 10 bar and 12 bars showed no effect on velocity as it reduces velocity by increasing surface area. The velocity increases with increasing pressure in proportion relationship. This clearly explains that the groove has no effect on velocity as it increases due to increase in pressure. This is because the groove reduces the velocity by increasing surface area. The study concludes that use of groove increases velocity of water that further improves nozzles operation.
References
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[2]. Amini G. (2016). Liquid flow in a simplex swirl nozzle. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, Vol. 79, pp. 225-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2015.09.004
[3]. Liu X., Xue R., Ruan Y., Chen L., Zhang X., Hou Y. (2017). Flow characteristics of liquid nitrogen through solid-cone pressure swirl nozzles. Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 110, pp. 290-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.08.150
[4]. A Fire fighter’s Guide to Nozzles. (2001). Task Force Tips, Inc. - 880-348-2686.
[5]. Yu Y., Shademan M., Barron R.M., Balachandar R. (2012). CFD study of effects of geometry variations on flow in a nozzle. Engineering applications of computational fluid mechanics, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 412-425. https://doi.org/10.1080/19942060.2012.11015432
[6]. Bilir A.Ç., Doğrul A., Coşgun T., Yurtseven A., Vardar N. (2016). A numerical Investigation of the Flow in Water Jet Nozules. Journal of Thermal Engineering, Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. 907-912. https://doi.org/10.18186/jte.55087
[7]. Matsuo S., Kim T.H., Setoguchi T., Kim H.D., Lee, Y.W. (2007). Effect of nozzle geometry on the flow characteristics of spiral flow generated through an annular slit. Journal of Thermal Science, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 149-154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-007-0149-4
[8]. Theerayut K.S.M.W.H., Nuntadusit L.C. (2012). Effect of Nozzle Geometry on Flow Characteristic of Jet from Expansion Pipe Nozzle.
[9]. Alam M.M.A., Setoguchi T., Matsuo S., Kim H.D. (2016). Nozzle geometry variations on the discharge coefficient. Propulsion and Power Research, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 22-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jppr.2016.01.002
[10]. Mohamed S., Mokhtar A., Chatti T.B. (2017). Numerical simulation of the compressible flow in convergent-divergent nozzle. International Journal of Heat and Technology, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 673-677. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijht.350328
[11]. Babu P.C., Mahesh K. (2004). Upstream entrainment in numerical simulations of spatially evolving round jets. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 16, No. 10, pp. 3699-3705. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1780548
[12]. Jassim E.I., Awad, M.M. (2013). Numerical investigation of nozzle shape effect on shock wave in natural gas processing. In Proceedings of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology (Vol. 78, p. 326). World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology (WASET).
[13]. Hespel C., Blaisot J.B., Margot X., Patouna S., Cessou A., Lecordier B. (2010). Influence of nozzle geometry on spray shape, particle size, spray velocity and air entrainment of high-pressure diesel spray.
[14]. Payri, R., Margot, X., & Salvador, F. J. (2002). A numerical study of the influence of diesel nozzle geometry on the inner cavitating flow (No. 2002-01-0215). SAE Technical Paper. https://doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-0215
[15]. Han J.S., Lu P.H., Xie X.B., Lai M.C., Henein N.A. (2002). Investigation of diesel spray primary break-up and development for different nozzle geometries. SAE Transactions, pp. 2528-2548. https://doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-2775
[16]. Desantes J.M., Arrègle J., López, J.J., Hermens, S. (2005). Experimental characterization of outlet flow for different diesel nozzle geometries (No. 2005-01-2120). SAE Technical Paper. https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-2120
[17]. Desantes J.M., García-Oliver J.M., Pastor J.M., Ramírez-Hernández J.G. (2011). Influence of nozzle geometry on ignition and combustion for high-speed direct injection diesel engines under cold start conditions. Fuel, Vol. 90, No. 11, pp. 3359-3368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.06.006
[18]. Satyanarayana G., Varun C., Naidu S.S. (2013). CFD analysis of convergent-divergent nozzle. Acta Technica Corviniensis-Bulletin of Engineering, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 139.
[19]. Sou A., Maulana M.I., Isozaki K., Hosokawa S., Tomiyama A. (2008). Effects of nozzle geometry on cavitation in nozzles of pressure atomizers. Journal of Fluid Science and Technology, Vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 622-632.
[20]. Badock C., Wirth R., Fath A., Leipertz A. (1999). Investigation of cavitation in real size diesel injection nozzles. International journal of heat and fluid flow, Vol. 20, No. 5, pp. 538-544.
[21]. Liao W.T., Deng X.Y. (2017). Study on Flow Field Characteristics of Nozzle Water Jet in Hydraulic cutting. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 81, No. 1, p. 012167). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/81/1/012167
[22]. Zhang S.B., Zhu J.M. (2013). Numerical simulation of adjustable nozzles. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 52, No. 7, p. 072014). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/52/7/072014
[23]. Shan Y., Zhang J.Z., Huang G.P. (2011). Experimental and numerical studies on lobed ejector exhaust system for micro turbojet engine. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 141-148.
[24]. Babu P.C., Mahesh K. (2004). Upstream entrainment in numerical simulations of spatially evolving round jets. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 16, No. 10, pp. 3699-3705.
[25]. Saha B.K., Songjing L.I., Xinbei L.V. (2020). Analysis of pressure characteristics under laminar and turbulent flow states inside the pilot stage of a deflection flapper servo-valve: Mathematical modeling with CFD study and experimental validation. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp.1107-1118.
[26]. Joseph J, Rehman D, Delanaye M, Morini GL, Nacereddine R, Korvink JG, Brandner JJ. (2020). Numerical and experimental study of microchannel performance on flow maldistribution. Micromachines. Vol.11, No. 3, pp. 323.
[27]. Khan A., Rajendran P., Sidhu J.S.S. (2021). Passive Control of Base Pressure: A Review. Applied Sciences, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp.1334.
