ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF FIXED AND MOVING BOTTLENECKS ON TRAFFIC FLOW AND CAR ACCIDENTS IN A TWO-LANE CELLULAR AUTOMATON MODEL

  • Ayoub Laarej Laboratoire de Matière Condensée et Sciences Interdisciplinaries (LaMCScl), URL-CNRST, P. O. Box 1014, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
  • Noureddine Lakouari Department of Computer Science, Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica, Optica y Electronica, Luis Enrique Erro 1, Tonanzintla, 72840, Puebla, Mexico; Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (Conahcyt), Insurgentes Sur 1582, Mexico City, 03940, Mexico
  • Azeddine Karakhi Laboratoire de Matière Condensée et Sciences Interdisciplinaries (LaMCScl), URL-CNRST, P. O. Box 1014, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
  • Hamid EZ-ZAHRAOUY Laboratoire de Matière Condensée et Sciences Interdisciplinaries (LaMCScl), URL-CNRST, P. O. Box 1014, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
Keywords: fixed bottleneck, fundamental diagram, rear-end collision, lane-changing collision, two-lane

Abstract


Traffic bottleneck is considered as one of the major causes of the disturbance in traffic flow. The understanding the dynamics between vehicles and bottlenecks is crucial for enhancing traffic flow and ensuring road safety. This research examines a two-lane traffic cellular automaton model to understand the effects of static (e.g., lane reductions) and dynamic (e.g., slow-moving vehicles) bottlenecks on traffic flow and road safety. We found that at low vehicle densities, slow vehicles gravitate towards the open lane, while faster vehicles switch lanes to overtake, returning to their original lane post-bottleneck. At high densities, traffic flow near static bottlenecks ceases, independent of bottleneck length. Safety analysis shows that extended static bottlenecks reduce rear-end collision risk due to fewer lane changes and increased vehicle stationarity. At maximum density, gridlock nullifies the chance of such collisions. Our findings provide actionable insights for traffic planning focused on bottleneck management to improve road safety.

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Published
2023/12/06
Section
Original Scientific Paper