The role of serum magnesium in the prediction of Acute Kidney Injury after total aortic arch replacement: a Prospective Observational study

Serum Magnesium Predicting AKI after Aortic Arch Replacement

  • Xinyi Jiang School of Medicine, South China University of Technology
  • Ziyun Li
  • Chixing Pan
  • Heng Fang
  • Wang Xu
  • Zeling Chen
  • Junjiang Zhu
  • Linling He
  • Miaoxian Fang
  • Chunbo Chen
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/jomb0-48779
Keywords: Acute kidney injury, Serum magnesium, Cardiovascular surgical intensive care unit, Total aortic arch replacement

Abstract


Background: Considerable morbidity and death are associated with acute kidney damage (AKI) following total aortic arch replacement (TAAR). The relationship between AKI following TAAR and serum magnesium levels remains unknown. The intention of this research was to access the predictive value of serum magnesium levels on admission to the Cardiovascular Surgical Intensive Care Unit (CSICU) for AKI in patients receiving TAAR.

Methods: From May 2018 to January 2020, a prospective, observational study was performed in the Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital CSICU. Patients accepting TAAR admitted to the CSICU were studied. The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definition of serum creatinine was used to define AKI, and KDIGO stages two or three were used to characterize severe AKI. Multivariable logistic regression and area under the curve receiver-operator characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) analysis were conducted to assess the predictive capability of the serum magnesium for AKI detection. Finally, the prediction model for AKI was established and internally validated.

Results: Of the 396 enrolled patients, AKI occurred in 315 (79.5%) patients, including 154 (38.8%) patients with severe AKI. Serum magnesium levels were independently related to the postoperative AKI and severe AKI (both, P < 0.001), and AUC-ROCs for predicting AKI and severe AKI were 0.707 and 0.695, respectively. Across increasing quartiles of serum magnesium, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of postoperative AKI were 1.00 (reference), 1.04 (0.50-2.82), 1.20 (0.56-2.56), and 6.19 (2.02-23.91) (P for Trend < 0.001). When serum magnesium was included to a baseline model with established risk factors, AUC-ROC (0.833 vs 0.808, P = 0.050), reclassification (P < 0.001), and discrimination (P = 0.002) were further improved.

Conclusion: Serum magnesium levels on admission are an independent predictor of AKI. In TAAR patients, elevated serum magnesium levels were linked to an increased risk of AKI. In addition, the established risk factor model for AKI can be considerably improved by the addition of serum magnesium in TAAR patients hospitalized in the CSICU.

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Published
2024/04/30
Issue
Vol. 43 No. 4 (2024): Journal of Medical Biochemistry
Section
Original paper

Copyright (c) 2024 Xinyi Jiang, Ziyun Li, Chixing Pan, Heng Fang, Wang Xu, Zeling Chen, Junjiang Zhu, Linling He, Miaoxian Fang, Chunbo Chen

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