Clinical Utility of Jugular Venous Blood Gas Biomarkers for Assessing Traumatic Brain Injury Severity and Predicting ICU Stay Duration: A Biochemical and Predictive Modeling Approach

JVBG in Cranial Brain Injury

  • Bin Qi The first ward of the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bozhou People's Hospital, Economic Development Zone
  • Wenjie Du The first ward of the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bozhou People's Hospital, Economic Development Zone
  • He Zhang The first ward of the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bozhou People's Hospital, Economic Development Zone
  • Yuhui Jiang The first ward of the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bozhou People's Hospital, Economic Development Zone
  • Ming Zhuo The first ward of the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bozhou People's Hospital, Economic Development Zone
  • Haixia Xu The first ward of the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Bozhou People's Hospital
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/jomb0-59108
Keywords: Jugular venous blood gas, traumatic brain injury, cerebral oxygenation, biochemical markers, ICU prediction, machine learning

Abstract


Background: Biochemical monitoring of cerebral oxygen metabolism is essential in the management of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Jugular venous blood gas (JVBG) analysis provides real-time data reflecting cerebral biochemical states, offering a valuable window into brain oxygenation and metabolic demands. This study aimed to evaluate JVBG biochemical markers as indicators of TBI severity and as predictors of prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay, emphasizing their integration into machine learning models for clinical utility.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 100 ICU-admitted TBI patients. Serial measurements of JVBG parameters—jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjvO₂), partial pressure of oxygen (PjO₂), arteriovenous oxygen difference (AVDO₂), and oxygen content difference (AVDL)—were performed over five days. Spearman correlation and random forest algorithms were employed to assess relationships between JVBG biomarkers, clinical severity (via Glasgow Coma Scale), and ICU duration.

Results: Patients with more severe TBI exhibited significantly reduced SjvO₂ and PjO₂, and elevated AVDO₂ and AVDL (p < 0.001). Strong correlations were found between JVBG markers and clinical severity scores. A multivariable prediction model incorporating age, SaO₂, and PaCO₂ at one day post-admission yielded excellent predictive performance for prolonged ICU stay (AUC = 0.974; sensitivity = 100%; specificity = 94.8%).

Conclusion: JVBG biomarkers serve as clinically informative biochemical indicators for assessing TBI severity and forecasting ICU duration. Their integration into predictive algorithms may enhance precision in neurocritical care and support biochemical decision-making in intensive care settings.

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Published
2025/07/07
Issue
Vol. 44 No. 8 (2025): Journal of Medical Biochemistry
Section
Original paper

Copyright (c) 2025 Bin Qi, Wenjie Du, He Zhang, Yuhui Jiang, Ming Zhuo, Haixia Xu

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