KARAKTERISTIKE ZRNA NOVIH SAMOOPLODNIH LINIJA U POREĐENJU SA HIBRIDIMA KUKURUZA
Ključne reči:
samooplodne linije, hibridi kukuruza, hemijski sastav, fizičke osobine, integralno kukuruzno brašno
Sažetak
Kukuruz (Zea mays L.) predstavlja jednu od najviše gajenih i najznačajnijih žitarica koje se vekovima koriste u ishrani ljudi i životinja. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispitaju novi genotipovi kukuruza sa povećanim potencijalom za stvaranje komercijalne kategorije semena visoke nutritivne, funkcionalne i tehnološke vrednosti koje bi imalo povoljne karakteristike mlevenja za proizvodnju integralnog kukuruznog brašna. Podaci prikazani u ovom radu predstavljaju rezultate ispitivanja odabranih samooplodnih linija u poređenju sa odgovarajućim fizičko-hemijskim karakteristikama i hemijskim svojstvima dva komercijalna hibrida koja se koriste u proizvodnji brašna: ZP 611k i ZP 633. Zrno linije L2 imalo je najvišu apsolutnu masu zrna (267,54 g), a zrno linije L2 najvišu hektolitarsku masu (844,68 kg m-3). Otpornost na mlevenje kretala se od 9,80 (L2) do 14,03 s (L1) za samooplodne linije, iznosila je 11,97 s kod hibrida zubana ZP 633, dok je hibrid kokičar ZP 611 k imao najvišu otpornost na mlevenje od svih uzoraka (15,83 s). Najveći udeo meke frakcije endosperma utvrđen je u liniji L3 (37,13%), što je nešto niže nego u standardnom hibridu zubanu ZP 633 (41,97%). Najviši sadržaj proteina (12,37%), kao i sirove celuloze (2,59%) određen je u liniji L4, dok je linija L2 imala najniži sadržaj proteina (9,36%), a linija L3 najniži sadržaj sirove celuloze (1,81%). Utvrđeno je da sve ispitane nove samooplodne linije kukuruza poseduju visok potencijal za selekciju novih hibrida sa poboljšanim parametrima kvaliteta zrna pogodnih za različite industrijske namene, prvenstveno za proizvodnju hrane za ljude i hraniva za životinje.
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Radosavljević, M., Božović, I., Bekrić, V., Jovanović, R., Žilić, S., Terzić, D. (2001). Savremene metode određivanja kvaliteta i tehnološke vrednosti kukuruza. PTEP- Časopis za procesnu tehniku i energetiku u poljoprivredi, 5 (3), 85-88.
Semenčenko, V., Radosavljević, M., Mojović, Lj., Terzić, D., Milašinović-Šeremešić, M., Todorović, G. (2015a). A genetic base of utilisation of maize grain as a valuable renewable raw material for bioethanol production. Genetika, 47 (1), 171-184.
Semenčenko, V., Radosavljević, M., Terzić, D., Milašinović-Šeremešić, M., Mojović, Lj., Mladenović Drinić, S. (2015b). Influence of maize hybrid on bioethanol yield and quality of dried distillers' grains. Selekcija i semenarstvo, 21 (2), 11-22.
Semenčenko, V., Radosavljević, M., Terzić, D., Milašinović-Šeremešić, M., Mojović, Lj. (2014). Dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) produced from different maize hybrids as animal feed. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture (former PTEP), 18 (2), 80-83.
Semenčenko, V. (2013). Ispitivanje različitih hibrida kukuruza kao sirovine za proizvodnju bioetanola, skroba i hrane za životinje. Doktorska disertacija, Tehnološko-metalurški fakultet, Beograd.
Semenčenko, V.V., Mojović, L.V., Radosavljević, M.M., Terzić, D.R., Milašinović-Šeremešić, M.S., Janković, M.Z. (2013) Mogućnosti iskorišćenja sporednih proizvoda prerade kukuruznog zrna iz proizvodnje etanola i skroba. Hemijska industrija 67 (3), 385–397.
Somavat, P., Li, Q., Gonzalez de Mejia E., Liua, W., Singh, V. (2016). Coproduct yield comparisons of purple, blue and yellow dent corn for various milling processes. Industrial Crops and Products, 87, 266-272.
Sutch, R. (2011). Chapter: The Impact of the 1936 Corn Belt Drought on American Farmers’ Adoption of Hybrid Corn, In: The Economics of Climate Change: Adaptations Past and Present Gary D. Libecap and Richard H. Steckel, editors, University of Chicago Press, pp. 195 - 223.
Terzić, D., Radosavljević, M., Milašinović-Šeremešić, M., Jovanović, Ž., Nikolić, V. (2020): Yield and biomass quality of the whole plant of four maize hybrids for silage production. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 24 (1), 6-8.
AOAC (1990). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Official Methods of Analysis, ed. by Herlich K. AOAC, Arlington, VA. pp. 70–84.
Botelho, F.M., Corrêa P.C., Martins, M.A., Botelho, S. de C.C., Horta de Oliveira, G.H. (2013). Effects of the mechanical damage on the water absorption process by corn kernel. Food Science and Technology, Campinas, 33 (2), 282-288.
Córdova-Noboa, H.A., Oviedo-Rondón, E.O., Ortiz, A., Matta, Y., Hoyos, J.S., Buitrago, G.D., Martinez, J.D., Yanquen, J.J., Chico, M., San Martin, V.E., Fahrenholz, A., Ospina-Rojas, I.C., Penuela, L. (2020). Effects of corn kernel hardness and grain drying temperature on particle size and pellet durability when grinding using a roller mill or hammermill. Animal Feed Science and Technology, In Press, October 2020
Eckhoff, S.R., & Watson, S. A. (2009). Chapter 9: Corn and sorghum starches: Production, In J.N. BeMiller, R. L. Whistler (Eds.), In Starch: Chemistry and Technology, third edition (pp. 373-439). Academic Press.
FAO – Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (2020). Crop prospects and food situation – Quarterly global report, March 2020, pp. 1-46. http://www.fao.org/3/ca8032en/ca8032en.pdf
Kljak, K., Duvnjak, M., Grbeša, D., (2018). Contribution of zein content and starch characteristics to vitreousness of commercial maize hybrids. Journal of Cereal Science, 80, 57–62.
Lee, K.-M., Herrman, T.J., Rooney, L., Jackson, D.S., Lingenfelser, J., Rausch, K.D., Mckinney, J., Iiams, C., Byrum, L., Hurburgh, C.R., Jr., Johnson, L.A., Fox, S.R. (2007). Corroborative Study on Maize Quality, Dry-Milling and Wet-Milling Properties of Selected Maize Hybrids. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 55, 10751–10763.
Liu, J., Fernie, A.R., Yan, J. (2020). The past, present, and future of maize improvement: Domestication, genomics, and functional genomic routes toward crop enhancement, Plant Comunications, 1(1), Article 10010, pp. 1-19.
Milašinović, M. (2005). Fizičke, hemijske i tehnološke karakteristike novih ZP hibrida kukuruza. Magistarski rad. Tehnološki fakultet, Novi Sad.
Milašinovic, M., Radosavljevic, M., Dokic, Lj., Jakovljevic, J. (2007). Wet-milling properties of ZP maize hybrids. Maydica, 52 (3), 289-292.
Milašinović-Šeremešić, M., Radosavljević, M., Srdić, J., Tomičić, Z., Đuragić, O. (2019). Physical traits and nutritional quality of selected Serbian maize genotypes differing in kernel hardness and colour. Food and Feed Research, 46 (1), 51-59.
Milašinović-Šeremešić, М., Radosavljević, M., Terzić, D., Nikolić, V. (2018). Maize processing and utilisation technology-achievements and prospects, Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 22 (3), 113-116.
Milenković, J., Stanisavljević, R., Anđelković, S., Terzić, D., Đokić, D., Vasić,T., Dejan Sokolović, D. (2014). Grain quality of maize inbred lines originated from local populations, Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture 18 (5), 232-234.
Parris, N., Moreau, R.A., Johnston, D.B. Singh, V., Dickey, L.C. (2006). Protein Distribution in Commercial Wet- and Dry-Milled Corn Germ, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54, 4868-4872.
Paulsen, M. R.; Watson, S. A.; Singh, M. (2003). Measurement and maintenance of corn quality. In Corn Chemistry and Technology; White, P. J., Johnson, L. A. Eds.; American Association of Cereal Chemists: St. Paul, Minnesota, Chapter 5, pp. 159–219.
Philippeau, C., Landry, J., Michalet-Doreau, B., 2000. Influence of the protein distribution of maize endosperm on ruminal starch degradability, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 80, 404–408.
Pollak, L.M., Scott, M.P. (2005): Breeding for grain quality traits Maydica, 50, 247-257.
Pomeranz, Y., Czuchjowska Z., Martin, C. R., Lai, F. (1985). Determination of corn hardness by Stenvert hardness tester, Cereal Chemistry, 62, 108–110.
Pravilnik o kvalitetu hrane za životinje (2016). II Kvalitet hrane za životinje. Službeni glasnik RS, 4/2010 i 113/2012, 27/2014, 25/2015 i 39/2016.
Radosavljević, M., Božović, I., Bekrić, V., Jovanović, R., Žilić, S., Terzić, D. (2001). Savremene metode određivanja kvaliteta i tehnološke vrednosti kukuruza. PTEP- Časopis za procesnu tehniku i energetiku u poljoprivredi, 5 (3), 85-88.
Semenčenko, V., Radosavljević, M., Mojović, Lj., Terzić, D., Milašinović-Šeremešić, M., Todorović, G. (2015a). A genetic base of utilisation of maize grain as a valuable renewable raw material for bioethanol production. Genetika, 47 (1), 171-184.
Semenčenko, V., Radosavljević, M., Terzić, D., Milašinović-Šeremešić, M., Mojović, Lj., Mladenović Drinić, S. (2015b). Influence of maize hybrid on bioethanol yield and quality of dried distillers' grains. Selekcija i semenarstvo, 21 (2), 11-22.
Semenčenko, V., Radosavljević, M., Terzić, D., Milašinović-Šeremešić, M., Mojović, Lj. (2014). Dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) produced from different maize hybrids as animal feed. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture (former PTEP), 18 (2), 80-83.
Semenčenko, V. (2013). Ispitivanje različitih hibrida kukuruza kao sirovine za proizvodnju bioetanola, skroba i hrane za životinje. Doktorska disertacija, Tehnološko-metalurški fakultet, Beograd.
Semenčenko, V.V., Mojović, L.V., Radosavljević, M.M., Terzić, D.R., Milašinović-Šeremešić, M.S., Janković, M.Z. (2013) Mogućnosti iskorišćenja sporednih proizvoda prerade kukuruznog zrna iz proizvodnje etanola i skroba. Hemijska industrija 67 (3), 385–397.
Somavat, P., Li, Q., Gonzalez de Mejia E., Liua, W., Singh, V. (2016). Coproduct yield comparisons of purple, blue and yellow dent corn for various milling processes. Industrial Crops and Products, 87, 266-272.
Sutch, R. (2011). Chapter: The Impact of the 1936 Corn Belt Drought on American Farmers’ Adoption of Hybrid Corn, In: The Economics of Climate Change: Adaptations Past and Present Gary D. Libecap and Richard H. Steckel, editors, University of Chicago Press, pp. 195 - 223.
Terzić, D., Radosavljević, M., Milašinović-Šeremešić, M., Jovanović, Ž., Nikolić, V. (2020): Yield and biomass quality of the whole plant of four maize hybrids for silage production. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 24 (1), 6-8.
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2020/12/30
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