MODELOVANJE PROCESA EKSTRUDIRANJA U CILJU ODREĐIVANJA STEPENA EKSPANZIJE FLIPS PROIZVODA OD SPELTINOG INTEGRALNOG BRAŠNA

Jovana Kojić; Jelena Krulj; Olivera Šimurina; Biljana Cvetković; Lato Pezo; Branislava Đermanović; Neboјša Ilić

doi:10.5937/jpea25-31059

Jovana Kojić Naučni institut za prehrambene tehnologije, Novi Sad
Jelena Krulj Naučni institut za prehrambene tehnologije u Novom Sadu
Olivera Šimurina Naučni institut za prehrambene tehnologije u Novom Sadu
Biljana Cvetković Naučni institut za prehrambene tehnologije u Novom Sadu
Lato Pezo Institut za opštu i fizičku hemiju, Beograd
Branislava Đermanović Naučni institut za prehrambene tehnologije u Novom Sadu
Neboјša Ilić Naučni institut za prehrambene tehnologije u Novom Sadu

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/jpea25-31059

Ključne reči: ekstrudiranje, snek, uticaji, Yoonov model, stepen ekspanzije

Sažetak

U današnje vreme, povećana proizvodnja i upotreba speltinog integralnog brašna u ishrani ljudi povećava potrebu za definisanjem i karakterizacijom snek proizvoda od ove sirovine. Male promene u ulaznim procesnim parametrima tokom procesa ekstrudiranja utiču ne samo na izlazne procesne parametre nego i na kvalitet proizvoda ekstrudiranja. Stoga, je ispitan uticaj parametara ekstrudiranja, uključujući protok materija (15–25 kg/h), brzine obrtanja pužnice (250–750 o/min) i vlage materijala (15–25%) na stepen ekspanzije snek proizvoda od speltinog integralnog brašna. Speltino integralno brašno ekstrudirano je primenom dvopužnog ekstrudera Bühler BTSK 30/28D (Bühler, Uzwil, Švajcarska). Korišćen je centralni kompozitni rotacioni plan kako bi se selektovao najmanji mogući broj eksperimenata i da bi se razvio model koji predviđa izlazne promenljive ekstrudiranja. Neuronska mreža (ANN) se koristila za predviđanje izlaza i primenjena je na Yoonov model uticaja procesnih parametara kako bi se izračunao relativan uticaj nezavisnih promenjivih na zavisnu promenjivu (stepen ekspanzije). Povećanje vlage ulaznog materijala vodi do velikog smanjenja ekspanzije ekstrudata. Povećanje brzine obrtanja pužnice tokom ekstrudiranja dovodi do manjeg viskoziteta testa i veće elastičnosti, što doprinosi većoj ekspanziji ekstrudata. Najveći stepen ekspanzije (1,93) zabeležen je pri najvećim brzinama obrtanja pužnice (750 o/min) i vlažnosti polaznog materijala od 20% i protoka materijala od 20 kg/h. Yoonov model je pokazao da na stepen ekspanzije najveći uticaj ima brzina obrtanja pužnice (približno 60%) dok je uticaj vlažnosti materijala negativan, a protok materijala nema značajan uticaj.

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