EFLUENTI IZ INDUSTRIJSKE PRERADE HRANE ŽIVOTINJSKOG POREKLA KAO MEDIJUMI ZA PROIZVODNJU BIOKONTROLNIH AGENASA
Sažetak
Intenzivna proizvodnja hrane za ishranu rastuće ljudske populacije zahteva značajne materijalne i energetske resurse, istovremeno generišući velike količine otpada čiji tretman predstavlja dodatni trošak celokupnom proizvodnom procesu. Otpadne vode iz industrijske prerade mesa i mleka sadrže velike količine organskih i neorganskih nutrijenata, koji predstavljaju opterećenje za životnu sredinu, ali takođe mogu poslužiti kao izvor hranljivih materija za rast mikroorganizama. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitivanje mogućnost primene otpadnih voda iz prerade mesa i surutke iz mlečne industrije kao medijuma za rast biokontrolnog soja Bacillus velezensis IP22. Praćenje rasta bakterija u odabranim podlogama na bazi efluenata prehrambene industrije pokazalo je pogodnost otpadnih voda iz prerade mesa i surutke kao odličnih supstrata za umnožavanje Bacillus velezensis IP22 i povećanje broja živih ćelija. Oba medijuma na bazi industrijskog otpada su u sličnom stepenu doprinela antibakterijskoj i antifungalnoj aktivnosti, sa uporedivim prečnicima zona inhibicije protiv Xanthomonas campestris, Xanthomonas euvesicatoria i Aspergillus flavus, pri čemu je uočen veći nivo otpornosti fungalnog patogena prema ispitivanim biokontrolnim agensima. Biokontrolna aktivnost postignuta primenom kultivacionih tečnosti dobijenih korišćenjem medijuma na bazi otpada bila je nešto niža u poređenju sa hranljivim bujonom, što sugeriše mogućnost da se skupa hemijski definisana podloga zameni kompleksnim alternativnim medijuma, koji nisu pokazali inhibitorne efekte na rast i metaboličku aktivnost Bacillus velezensis IP22. Ovaj pristup zasnovan na principima cirkularne ekonomije promoviše odgovorno i maksimalno korišćenje resursa kroz ponovnu upotrebu otpadnih voda prehrambene industrije za dobijanje proizvoda sa dodatom vrednošću, otvarajući novo poglavlje mogućnosti uspostavljanja mreže industrijske simbioze između kompanija u različitim industrijskim granama.
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