Profil jezičkih i kognitivnih deficita kod osoba sa semantičkom varijantom primarne progresivne afazije
Sažetak
Primarna progresivna afazija (PPA) obuhvata grupu neurodegenerativnih poremećaja koje karakteriše progresivno propadanje jezičkih funkcija, dok su druge kognitivne funkcije, barem na početku bolesti, relativno pošteđene. Izdvojene su tri osnovne varijante PPA: nefluentna progresivna afazija (nvPPA), semantička varijanta primarne progresivne afazije (svPPA) i logopenična progresivna afazija (lvPPA). Semantička varijanta PPA u literaturi se može pronaći i pod nazivom semantička demencija. Klinički se ispoljava progresivnim propadanjem semantičkog znanja, fluentnom afazijom, oštećenim imenovanjem i razumevanjem, prozopagnozijom i površinskom disleksijom i disgrafijom (u jezicima sa nepravilnom ortografijom). Sa progresijom bolesti, uočavaju se i druge promene na kognitivnom planu. Osnovni uzrok ove bolesti je progresivna obostrana atrofija prednjih temporalnih režnjeva, koja je izraženija u levoj hemisferi. Literatura je skromna u pogledu korišćenja specifičnih metoda tretmana u rehabilitaciji ovih bolesnika. S obzirom da su govorno-jezički poremećaji najupadljivi simptom, barem na početku bolesti, nesporna je i uloga logopeda u proceni i restituciji govorno-jezičkih i komunikativnih sposobnosti.
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