Diferencijalna  dijagnoza  limfadenopatija

Nenad N. Govedarović; Rade R. Babić

doi:10.5937/medrec2003101G

Nenad N. Govedarović Klinika za hematologiju UKC Niš, Srbija
Rade R. Babić Centar za radiologiju UKC Niš

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/medrec2003101G

Ključne reči: limfadenopatija, diferencijalna dijagnoza

Sažetak

Kod većine pacijenata sa perifernom limfadenopatijom je lako identifikovati njen uzrok, koji je obično benigne prirode ili lokalizovan. Prevalencija maligniteta kod pacijenata sa limfadenopatijom u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti je procenjena na oko 1,1%. Identifikacija limfadenopatije uzrokovane malignitetom ili drugim teškim stanjima predstavlja kritičan izazov za lekare u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti. Glavni faktori rizika za malignitet su starost, čvrsti i fiksirani nodusi, supraklavikularna lokalizacija i trajanje limfadenopatije više od 2 nedelje. Posedovanje znanja o ovim ključnim faktorima rizika je kritično u tretiranju neobjašnjive limfadenopatije. Uz to, uzimanje kompletne anamneze, procena povezanih simptoma i detaljan fizički pregled mogu da pomognu u utvrđivanju da li je limfadenopatija benigna ili maligna. Neobjašnjiva limfadenopatija bez znakova ili simptoma teškog oboljenja ili maligniteta može biti praćena do mesec dana, nakon čega se indikuje specifično testiranje ili biopsija. Iako su moderne hematopatološke tehnike unapredile dijagnostičku preciznost aspiracije (biopsije) tankom iglom, eksciziona biopsija i dalje ostaje dijagnostička procedura prvog izbora.

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